失效航天器等离子羽流柔顺消旋动力学与控制  

Plasma plume compliant detumbling dynamics and control for failed spacecraft

作　　者：赵弘骞 代洪华 王宏伟 杨海涛 郭祥宇 岳晓奎[1,2] ZHAO HongQian;DAI HongHua;WANG HongWei;YANG HaiTao;GUO XiangYu;&YUE XiaoKui(School of Astronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Flight Dynamics and Technology,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航天学院,西安710072 [2]航天飞行动力学技术国家级重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学》2025年第2期197-208,共12页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:52425212,12072270,52361165620);国家重点研发计划(编号:2021YFA0717100)资助项目。

摘　　要：随着卫星发射数量的逐年增加,轨道资源日渐枯竭,因此对失效卫星开展在轨维修势在必行,其中消旋是至关重要的第一步.传统接触式消旋方法存在接触易碰撞的安全隐患,而现有非接触式方法也有能耗代价大、操控距离短等弊端,为此本文提出了一种利用霍尔推力器产生的高速等离子羽流对翻滚目标开展非接触式柔顺消旋操控的新方法.首先,建立了等离子羽流对目标帆板冲击力的解析化模型,实现了操控力的快速解算;而后提出了基于章动动能抑制的羽流瞄准点最优制导律,使得翻滚目标的章动与自旋得到了协同抑制;在此基础上设计了服务航天器非奇异快速终端滑模控制方法,实现了对期望轨迹的精准跟踪,保证了消旋操控的精度.数值仿真结果验证了等离子羽流操控的可行性,并在气浮卫星实验平台上验证了控制方法的有效性.Orbital resources are gradually depleting, with the increasing number of satellite launches each year. Consequently, itis imperative to implement on-orbit maintenance for failed satellites with detumbling as a critical foundational stage.Traditional contact-based manipulation methods pose safety risks of collision, while existing contactless methods havedrawbacks such as high energy consumption and limited effective distance. Therefore, this study proposes a novel contactless compliant detumbling approach utilizing high-speed plasma plumes generated by Hall thrusters to mitigate therotational dynamics of tumbling targets. Firstly, an analytical model of the plume impact force on the target solar panel isestablished to achieve rapid calculation of the manipulation force. Subsequently, an optimal plume aiming guidance lawbased on the suppression of nutation kinetic energy is proposed to detumble the nutation and spin simultaneously. Buildingupon this, a non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control is designed to track the desired servicing spacecraft trajectory,ensuring the accuracy of detumbling manipulation. Numerical simulation results validate the feasibility of plasma plumedetumbling, and the effectiveness of the controller is verified in the air-bearing spacecraft experiment.

关 键 词：失效航天器 消旋操控 等离子羽流 滑模控制 气浮卫星 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]