核酸适配体结合纳米材料检测循环肿瘤细胞的研究进展  

Research progress on nucleic acid aptamer combined with nanomaterials for detecting circulating tumor cells

作　　者：杨建平 陈龙云 缪丹 胡水生 江峰 YANG Jian-ping;CHEN Long-yun;MIAO Dan;HU Shui-sheng;JIANG Feng(School of Pharmacy,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering,,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣南医科大学药学院,江西赣州341000 [2]赣南医科大学组织工程江西省重点实验室,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南医科大学学报》2025年第1期1-10,共10页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21961003);江西省自然科学基金项目(20212ACB206001)。

摘　　要：循环肿瘤细胞(Circulating tumor cells,CTCs)是从原发灶或转移灶脱落进入血液或淋巴系统的肿瘤细胞。CTCs可作为癌症诊断和指导癌症治疗的生物标志物,CTCs检测有望为个性化治疗和早期癌症诊断提供重要的临床信息。然而,CTCs固有的稀缺性、脆弱性和异质性为其在生物流体中的捕获和分离带来了重大的技术挑战。本文首先介绍了用于识别CTCs的核酸适配体筛选,然后综述了核酸适配体结合纳米材料分离和检测CTCs的研究进展,分析了应用该技术检测CTCs的优势以及存在的问题。文献总结表明,核酸适配体可高效、特异性地识别循环肿瘤细胞;纳米材料的高表面积体积比可为核酸适配体提供更多的结合位点;纳米材料的磁性、光学和电化学等特性有利于CTCs的捕获和检测信号放大;核酸适配体结合纳米材料在CTCs检测领域已显示出巨大的潜力。Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are tumor cells that shed from primary or metastatic lesions and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system.CTCs can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and guiding cancer treatment,and their detection is expected to provide important clinical information for personalized treatment and early diagnosis for cancer.However,the inherent scarcity,vulnerability,and heterogeneity of CTCs pose significant technological challenges for their capture and separation in biological fluids.Nucleic acid aptamers can efficiently and specifically recognize CTCs.The literature summary indicates,the high surface area-to-volume ratio of nanomaterials can provide more binding sites for nucleic acid aptamers.The magnetic,optical,and electrochemical properties of nanomaterials are beneficial for the capture of CTCs and detection signal amplification.Nucleic acid aptamer combined with nanomaterials have shown great potential in the field of CTCs detection.Herein,the screening of nucleic acid aptamers for recognizing CTCs was introduced,then the research progress on the detection of CTCs using nucleic acid aptamer combined with nanomaterials was reviewed,and the advantages,challenges and prospects of applying this technology for detecting CTCs were analyzed.

关 键 词：循环肿瘤细胞 生物标志物 核酸适配体 纳米材料 

分 类 号：R914.5[医药卫生—药物化学]