嵌合抗原受体细胞工程技术在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展  

Research progress of CAR cell engineering technology in tumor therapy

作　　者：侯鉴基 招冠钰 孙阳 黄英荷 左勇 HOU Jian-ji;ZHAO Guan-yu;SUN Yang;HUANG Ying-he;ZUO Yong(Institute of Marine Medicine,Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524023)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学海洋医药研究院,广东湛江524023

出　　处：《赣南医科大学学报》2025年第1期18-24,57,共8页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

摘　　要：嵌合抗原受体(Chimeric antigen receptor,CAR)介导的细胞免疫疗法是一种抗肿瘤的新型精准靶向疗法,能够实现对肿瘤细胞的高效靶向杀伤。CAR免疫细胞疗法是目前研究热点,其中CAR-T细胞已在治疗B细胞系恶性血液病方面取得重大突破,但在治疗实体肿瘤领域尚未进行深入研究。本文结合近年来国内外的研究文献,对当前CAR细胞免疫疗法的研究成果、局限性、优化策略进行综述。文献复习结果表明,相比于CAR-T细胞和CAR-自然杀伤细胞,CAR-巨噬细胞和CAR-中性粒细胞对肿瘤细胞杀伤能力有所增强,在治疗中产生的不良反应也会减少。目前研究发现CAR结构的设计和CAR介导的免疫细胞来源,决定了CAR细胞对肿瘤细胞的靶向作用以及抗肿瘤能力。通过充分的基础研究与临床试验,CAR细胞工程技术有望在治疗实体肿瘤方面发挥巨大作用。Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)mediated cellular immunotherapy is a new type of anti-tumor precision targeted therapy,which can achieve efficient targeted killing of tumor cells.CAR immunocell therapy is a hot research topic at present,in which CAR-T cells have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of B-cell line malignant hematological diseases,but have not been deeply studied in the treatment of solid tumors.In this paper,the current research achievements,limitations and optimization strategies of CAR cell immunotherapy were reviewed based on the literature at home and abroad in recent years.The results of the literature review showed that compared with CAR-T cells and CAR-natural killer cells,CAR-macrophages and CAR-neutrophils had enhanced killing ability on solid tumor cells and reduced adverse reactions during treatment.In the present study,it was found that the design of CAR structure and the source of CARmediated immune cells determined the targeting effect of CAR cells on tumor cells and the anti-tumor ability.It shows that CAR cell engineering technology is expected to play a significant role in the treatment of solid tumors through sufficient basic research and clinical experiments.

关 键 词：嵌合抗原受体 CAR-T细胞 CAR-NK细胞 CAR-巨噬细胞 CAR-中性粒细胞 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]