考虑高比例新能源接入的变电站备自投方案改进  

Improvement of an ATS scheme for substations considering high new energy penetration

作　　者：叶远波 王吉文 王贺 周昊 YE Yuanbo;WANG Jiwen;WANG He;ZHOU Hao(State Grid Anhui Electric Power Limited Company,Hefei 230022,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力有限公司,合肥230022 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《浙江电力》2025年第2期75-83,共9页Zhejiang Electric Power

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(521200223001N)。

摘　　要：电力系统中新能源电源占比不断提高,易形成新能源孤岛微网系统,而新能源的“低穿”特征导致母线存在残压,难以满足备自投的母线无压动作条件,同时微网系统缺少稳定的频率和电压支撑存在失稳风险。因此,现有方案通常采取先切除新能源电源再启动备自投的方式。为实现不切除新能源进行备自投,通过分析断路器分闸后孤岛微网系统电压和频率变化规律及其影响因素,引入基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的快速频率跟踪算法,提出了快速准同期并网方案;当频差过大时对孤岛系统源荷功率进行近似匹配,有效抑制合闸冲击电流。最后通过PSCAD仿真验证了新型备自投方案的有效性和可行性。As the share of new energy in power systems continues to grow,the formation of islanded new energy mi⁃crogrids has become more common.However,the low voltage ride-through(LVRT)characteristics of new energy of⁃ten result in residual voltage on the busbars,making it challenging to meet the no-voltage condition required for au⁃tomatic transfer switch(ATS)schemes.Additionally,the lack of stable frequency and voltage support in islanded microgrids poses a risk of instability.Current solutions typically involve disconnecting new energy sources before ini⁃tiating ATS operations.To enable ATS operation without disconnecting new energy,this paper analyzes the voltage and frequency dynamics of islanded microgrids after breaker tripping and their influencing factors.A fast frequency tracking algorithm based on extended Kalman filter(EKF)is introduced,leading to a rapid quasi-synchronous grid-connection scheme.When frequency deviations are significant,approximate source-load power matching within the islanded system is performed to effectively suppress inrush currents during reclosing.Finally,PSCAD simulations validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed improved ATS scheme.

关 键 词：新能源 备自投 并网策略 扩展卡尔曼滤波 功率匹配 

分 类 号：TM63[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM762.1