岩溶湖泊微生物群落结构及功能基因预测  

Characterization of microbial community structure and functional gene prediction in the karst lake

作　　者：梁丽营 杨景媛 牟春霞 杜军 欧宇翔 李炫漫 刘细祥 刘艳[1,2,3] LIANG Liying;YANG Jingyuan;MU Chunxia;DU Jun;OU Yuxiang;LI Xuanman;LIU Xixiang;LIU Yan(College of Materials and Environment,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530105,China;Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and Ecological Restoration,Nanning 530105,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization,Nanning 530105,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学材料与环境学院,南宁530105 [2]广西高校环境友好材料及生态修复重点实验室,南宁530105 [3]广西先进结构材料与碳中和重点实验室,南宁530105 [4]广西水工程材料与结构重点实验室,南宁530006

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第2期767-778,共12页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(41967030);2021年引进人才科研启动项目(2021KJQD30);2022年引进人才科研启动项目(2022KJQD34);广西水工程材料与结构重点实验室资助课题(GXHRI-WEMS-2022-10);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY0169,2024KY0182)。

摘　　要：为揭示岩溶泉上覆水的水化学特征,总结分析微生物多样性、群落组成特征及潜在功能基因预测结果,挖掘微生物与环境因子的相互作用关系,采集灵水岩溶泉的上覆水,并采用地球水化学法、16S rRNA基因的高通量测序法测定分析样品中的水化学特征、微生物多样性、群落结构特征和测定功能基因。结果显示,在细菌域中,检测出40个门、106个纲、251个目、424个科、822个属,灵水泉上覆水不同采样点中优势菌门、菌属种类相似,但相对丰度有所差异。在门水平上,排名前3的优势菌门为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门。冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)分析表明,NO3-和Chl a是显著影响灵水泉微生物群落组成的环境因子。通过PICRUSt功能预测分析发现了6个一级功能和45个二级功能,表明细菌群落的潜在功能代谢比较活跃。灵水泉中存在丰富的新陈代谢基因,其中氨基酸代谢基因最高,其次为碳水化合物代谢基因,辅助因子和维生素的代谢基因丰度相对较高。代谢功能分析共获得182条代谢途径,灵水岩溶泉细菌代谢途径丰富,主要为能量代谢途径、碳水化合物代谢途径,通过参与生态系统中的能量和碳循环,有益于水体健康。研究阐述了岩溶湖泊中微生物群落的分布及其代谢途径,为岩溶湖泊水生态系统的健康发展提供了基础数据和科学依据。To elucidate the hydrochemical characteristics of karst spring water,we conducted a comprehensive analysis to explore the complex interactions between microorganisms and environmental factors.This included assessments of microbial diversity,community composition analysis,and predictions of potential functional genes.Water samples were collected from the Lingshui Spring for this study.The chemical characteristics of the water,along with microbial diversity,community structure,and functional gene predictions,were analyzed using the earth hydration method and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.The results identified 40 phyla,106 classes,251 orders,424 families,and 822 genera within the bacterial domain.While the dominant phyla and genera remained consistent across various sampling points in the overlying water of Lingshui Spring,their relative abundances differed.The primary phyla identified were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Actinobacteria.The Redundancy Analysis(RDA)indicated that NO-3 and Chl a significantly influenced the microbial community composition of Lingshui Spring.Additionally,the PICRUSt functional prediction analysis identified six primary functions and 45 secondary functions,suggesting a relatively active potential for functional metabolism within the bacterial community.Lingshui Spring displayed a rich diversity of metabolic genes,with amino acid metabolism genes being the most prevalent,followed by genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism,cofactor metabolism,and vitamin metabolism.The metabolic function analysis identified a total of 182 metabolic pathways.In the karst Lingshui Spring,the bacterial metabolic pathways were particularly abundant,primarily focusing on energy metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism.These pathways play a vital role in the energy and carbon cycles of the ecosystem,contributing to the overall health of the water.Understanding the distribution patterns and metabolic pathways of microbial communities in karst lakes is essential for providing foundational data an

关 键 词：环境工程学 岩溶泉水 微生物多样性 群落结构 16S rRNA高通量测序 功能基因 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]