半主动碰撞耗能装置减震性能分析及优化设计研究  

Study on seismic vibration control performance and optimal design of semi-active impact damper

作　　者：鲁正[1,2] 张家伟 LU Zheng;ZHANG Jiawei(College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学土木工程学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学土木工程防灾减灾全国重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2025年第1期74-84,共11页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52178296);上海市土木工程高峰学科交叉类合作基金项目(20223YB15)。

摘　　要：文中提出了一种具有碰撞出力时机可控的半主动碰撞耗能装置(semi-active impact damper,SAID),旨在控制地震激励下土木工程结构的多模态振动,SAID无需额外的控制元件,依靠其碰撞作动力干预结构振幅的积累实现振动控制。根据SAID力学模型和对应半主动控制策略提出了一种碰撞净距可调的装置构造,并开展了振动台试验,探究了SAID系统在5层框架结构的减震效果。研究表明,SAID系统可以有效减小结构顶层加速度和结构层间位移,依据时频能量分析可以发现SAID能够在可控碰撞中将结构的振动能量由低阶模态向高阶模态转移,从而快速耗散能量,并有效限制主导模态所引起的结构反应。本研究进一步提出了SAID系统的优化方案增强型半主动碰撞耗能装置(enhanced semi-active impact damper,ESAID)系统,以减少冲击引起的加速度突变的负面影响,同时提高SAID系统的减震性能。A semi-active impact damper(SAID)with controllable timing is presented based on vibro-impact mechanism,aiming to control the multi-modal vibration of civil structures under earthquake excitations.The proper impact actuating force can interfere with the accumulation of structural vibration amplitude without additional controllable elements.In this paper,a device construction with adjustable collision clearance was proposed based on the SAID mechanical model and corresponding semi-active control strategy.The damping performance of the SAID system in a five-story frame structure is studied through shaking table tests.The results showed that the SAID system could effectively reduce the acceleration at the top floor of the structure and the inter-story drift.Time-frequency energy analysis revealed that the SAID system can transfer the structural vibration energy from low-order modes to high-order modes to accelerate the energy dissipation during the controlled impact process and suppress the structural response caused by dominant modes.An enhanced semi-active impact damper(ESAID)is further proposed to reduce the adverse effect of the acceleration sudden change caused by the impacts while improving the damping performance of the SAID system.

关 键 词：半主动碰撞耗能装置 多模态振动控制 时频能量分析 碰撞耗能装置 半主动控制 

分 类 号：TU352[建筑科学—结构工程] TU31