基于改进模型预测转矩控制的高精度PMSM控制方法研究  

High Precision PMSM Control Method for Predictive Torque Control Based on Improved Model

作　　者：梁骅旗 陆畅 LIANG Huaqi;LU Chang(School of Railway Equipment Manufactuing,Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan 714000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院铁道装备制造学院,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2025年第2期152-160,共9页Computer Measurement &Control

基　　金：陕西省教育厅一般专项科研计划项目(22JK0327);陕西省渭南市市级科技项目(2019-ZDYFJCYJ-138)。

摘　　要：为了准确预测电机的未来状态,提前采取控制措施,从而实现更精确和高效的电机控制,研究提出了基于双滑模观测器的高精度永磁同步电机预测转矩控制策略,创新性地将反电动势滑模观测器和磁链滑模观测器进行组合;采用反电动势滑模观测器中滤波器锁相环计算的位置信号,自适应调节带通截止频率,滤除反电动势中的抖振和谐波,并同步输出基波反电动势;采用磁链滑模观测器降低预测过程中产生的转矩脉动和磁链波动;经实验测试发现,当转子系统达到稳态时,模型参考自适应系统观测器的控制误差仍有较大的变化,且在±0.4 rad范围内;而研究所提出的双滑模观测器,其转子系统的稳态时间较短,控制误差在±0.04 rad范围内,并且几乎没有抖动;研究所设计的双滑模变结构观测器,其速度估算值与真实速度曲线几乎一致,误差较小,即使在加减速状态下,也有较高的估计精度;经实际应用满足了永磁同步电机的高性能和稳定性,降低了预测转矩脉动和预测磁链波动。In order to accurately predict the future state of the motor and make measures in advance,so as to achieve more accurate and efficient motor control,a high-precision permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)predictive torque control strategy based on dual sliding mode observer is proposed,which innovatively combines the anti-electromotive force sliding mode observer and flux sliding mode observer.The position signal calculated by the filter phase-locked loop in the sliding mode observer is used to adaptively adjust the bandpass cut-off frequency,filter out jitter and harmonics in the back electromotive force,and output the fundamental back electromotive force synchronously.A sliding mode observer is used to reduce the torque fluctuation and flux fluctuation in the prediction process.Experimental results show that when the rotor system reaches steady state,the model reference adaptive system observer still has significant control errors,with a range of±0.4 rad.The proposed double sliding mode observer has a short steady state time,with a control error of±0.04 rad,and almost no jitter.The designed double sliding mode variable structure observer shows that the velocity estimation is almost consistent with the actual velocity value,with a small error,and even in acceleration and deceleration states,it has high estimation accuracy.Practical application indicates that it satisfies the high performance and stability of PMSM and reduces the predictive torque ripple and flux fluctuation.

关 键 词：滑模观测器 永磁同步电机 预测转矩控制 定子磁链 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]