历史文化街区低效空间影响要素研究  

Influencing factors of inefficient space in historic conservation areas

作　　者：刘冬[1] 邹凤 王欣 李晨 王福松 LIU Dong;ZOU Feng;WANG Xin;LI Chen;WANG Fusong(College of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Shimu Jiuzhu Architectural Planning Information Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;College of Art,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;China United Northwest Institute Engineering for Design&Research Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安拾亩玖筑建筑规划信息咨询有限公司,陕西西安710054 [3]西安科技大学艺术学院,陕西西安710054 [4]中联西北工程设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2024年第6期1195-1204,共10页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52108063);教育部人文社科基金项目(24YJA760057);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2022J002)。

摘　　要：历史文化街区作为集文化、旅游、商业等多种功能于一体的综合性区域,为城市发展带来新动力的同时,受街区保护与城市发展的矛盾、街区管理与规划实施的冲突、空间布局与建筑结构的局限、配套设施与空间需求的错位等多维度要素的影响,低效空间的问题日益凸显。为研究历史文化街区低效空间的特征及其影响要素,采用相关性和逐步多元回归分析的方法,根据地毯式调研所识别出的恒口老街识9处低效公共节点空间、14处低效街巷空间和32处低效建筑院落空间进行分析。结果表明:空间效率受约束性要素的影响略高于拓展性要素;形态协调度、功能混合度、空间连通性、要素影响力和人群到访率对历史文化街区空间低效的影响亦有所不同;功能混合度对空间低效程度影响最大,要素影响力和形态协调度对于空间综合使用效率预测模型作用不强。研究结果可为提升低效空间使用效率、减少历史文化街区低效空间的形成提供重要的参考依据和技术支撑。As a comprehensive area integrating multiple functions such as culture,tourism,and commerce,historic conservation areas bring new impetus to urban development.However,the problem of inefficient space in these areas has become increasingly prominent due to multi-dimensional factors,including the contradiction between areas protection and urban development,conflicts between district management and planning implementation,limitations in spatial layout and architectural structures,as well as mismatches between supporting facilities and spatial demands.To study the characteristics and influencing factors of inefficient space in historic conservation areas,correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis methods were adopted to analyze the 9 inefficient public node spaces,14 inefficient street spaces,and 32 inefficient architectural courtyard spaces identified in Hengkou Old Street through carpet-style survey.The results indicate that:The impact of restrictive factors on spatial efficiency is slightly greater than that of expansible factors.Additionally,the effects of morphological coordination,functional mixing,spatial connectivity,factor influence,and visitor frequency on the spatial inefficiency of historic conservation areas also vary.Among these,functional mixing has the most significant effect on the degree of spatial inefficiency,while factor influence and morphological coordination play a relatively weak role in the predictive model for comprehensive spatial usage efficiency.The findings provide important reference and technical support for enhancing the usage efficiency of inefficient space and reducing the formation of inefficient space in historic conservation areas.

关 键 词：历史文化街区 低效空间 多源数据 约束性要素 拓展性要素 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]