淮北地区长期秸秆还田下肥料合理减施对小麦综合生产力的影响  

Effect of Rational Reduction of Fertilizer Application under Long-term Straw Returning to Field on Comprehensive Productivity of Wheat in Huaibei Area

作　　者：刘秀秀 陈露婷 陈惠华 王玲萍 仝斌 徐鹏 李振宏 朱新开[2] Liu Xiuxiu;Chen Luting;Chen Huihua;Wang Lingping;Tong Bin;Xu Peng;Li Zhenhong;Zhu Xinkai(Suining Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Suining 221200,Jiangsu,China;Agriculture College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]睢宁县农业技术推广中心,江苏睢宁221200 [2]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2025年第1期25-28,共4页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

基　　金：江苏现代农业(稻麦)产业技术体系建设项目(JATS〔2022〕079)。

摘　　要：为合理调整不同种类肥料配置比例,探讨长期秸秆还田下肥料合理减施对小麦持续生产力的影响,于2022年—2023年在江苏(睢宁)现代农业科技综合示范基地以徐麦818为试验材料,设置8个不同肥料减量配比(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)处理,进行淮北地区不同土壤地力下小麦优质高产肥料配比研究评价。试验结果表明:长期秸秆还田后对土壤中不同元素有效含量的影响不相同,特别是土壤中N、P、K的有效含量发生变化;不同的肥料减量配比(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)对产量与群体质量的影响不尽相同,其中以处理6[m(N)∶m(P_(2)O_(5))∶m(K_(2)O)=1∶0.6∶0.6]的基本苗、越冬期总茎蘖数、拔节期总茎蘖数、越冬期地下部分长度、次生根、鲜质量、干质量、穗长、穗数、千粒质量及产量最高,分别较对照增加24.07%,15.39%,28.77%,22.55%,17.54%,92.38%,93.27%,28.65%,62.45%,7.47%及84.6%,产量和性状表现最好,明确了适宜淮北地区专用小麦优质高产的肥料配比为m(N)∶m(P_(2)O_(5))∶m(K_(2)O)=1∶0.6∶0.6。In order to rationally adjust the allocation ratio of different kinds of fertilizers and explore the effect of rational reduction of fertilizer application under long-term straw returning to the field on the sustainable productivity of wheat,eight different fertilizer reduction ratios(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)were set up with Xumai 818 in Jiangsu(Suining)Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Com‐prehensive Demonstration Base from 2022 to 2023.Study and evaluation of fertilizer ratio of wheat with high quality and high yield under different soil fertility in Huaibei area.The results showed that the effects of long-term straw returning on the effective contents of different elements in soil were different,especially the effective contents of N,P and K in soil changed.Different fertilizer reduc‐tion ratio(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)had different effects on yield and population quality.Among them,treatment 6[m(N)∶m(P_(2)O_(5))∶m(K_(2)O)=1∶0.6∶0.6]had the highest basic seedlings,total number of stems and tillers at overwintering stage,total number of stems and tillers at ascending stage,length of underground part at overwintering stage,secondary roots,fresh weight,dry weight,ear length,ear number,thousand grain weight and yield,which were increased by 24.07%and 15.39%compared with control,respectively.28.77%,22.55%,17.54%,92.38%,93.27%,28.65%,62.45%,7.47%and 84.62%,the yield and traits were the best.The fertilizer ratio suit‐able for high quality and high yield of special wheat in Huaibei area is m(N)∶m(P_(2)O_(5))∶m(K_(2)O)=1∶0.6∶0.6.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 肥料 合理减施 小麦 综合生产力 影响 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]