中国城市创业活跃度时空演化及区位选择特征分析——基于“城市-区域-行业”三维视角  

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Location Selection Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Activity in Chinese Cities——Based on the Three-dimensional Perspective of“City-Region-Industry”

作　　者：吕鹏 董亚宁 郭杰浩 Lv Peng;Dong Yaning;Guo Jiehao(School of Urban Economics and Public Administration,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100071,China;Institute of Ecological Civilization,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100710,China;Institute of Integrated Transportation Research,China Academy of Macroeconomics,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学城市经济与公共管理学院,北京100071 [2]中国社会科学院生态文明研究所,北京100710 [3]国家发展和改革委员会综合运输研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2025年第3期108-119,共12页Journal of Industrial Technology and Economy

基　　金：国家自科基金重点项目“我国产业集聚演进与新动能培育发展研究”(项目编号:71733001);国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全国土空间规划和用途统筹协调管控制度研究”(项目编号:20ZDA086)。

摘　　要：创业是促进市场主体创新、改善民生、推动经济高质量发展的重要途径。本文基于2011~2023年283个城市新注册企业数据从城市、区域和行业3个维度研究城市创业活跃度水平时空演化和区位选择特征。研究发现:(1)城市创业活跃度以2015年为时间节点呈现“两阶段”特征,与宏观经济增长趋势相似;(2)呈现“东北-西南”方向展布且重心逐渐向东南移动,空间差距不断扩大,四大板块间差距是其主要来源;(3)各行业创业活跃度均有提升,但空间极化和敛散性特征存在行业异质性;(4)创业区位选择特征分析表明,不同规模城市、除农业外的其他行业以及除东北之外的其他区域均存在数智导向;经济基础导向主要存在于中、小城市、东、西部地区以及非制造业、生产和生活性服务业;生产性服务业存在劳动力导向;技术导向存在于中、小城市、西部地区和除农业外的其他行业;小城市、西部地区、非制造业、生活性和公共服务业还存在资本导向。本文研究发现为促进创业政策制定提供了一定经验依据。Entrepreneurship is an important way to promote innovation of market players,improve people's livelihood and promote high-quality economic development.Based on the data of newly registered enterprises in 283 cities from 2011 to 2023,this paper studies the spatial-temporal evolution and location selection characteristics of urban entrepreneurial activity level from three dimensions of city,region and industry.(2)It is distributed in the direction of“northeast to southwest”and the center of gravity gradually moves to the southeast.The spatial gap is constantly expanding,and the gap between the four plates is the main source.(3)The entrepreneurial activity of all industries has increased,but there is industry heterogeneity in spatial polarization and convergence characteristics.(4)The analysis of entrepreneurial location selection characteristics reveals that cities of varying sizes,non-agricultural industries,and regions beyond Northeast China all demonstrate digital intelligence orientation patterns.Economic base orientation mainly exists in small and medium-sized cities,eastern and western regions and non-manufacturing,production and consumer services.Producer services have labor orientation.Technology orientation exists in small and medium cities,western regions and other industries except agriculture.Capital orientation also exists in small cities,western regions,non-manufacturing industries,domestic and public services.The findings provide some empirical basis for promoting entrepreneurial policy making.

关 键 词：创业活跃度 时空演化特征 行业异质性 创业区位 要素密集 数智水平 经济增长 路径依赖 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F127[经济管理—国民经济]