羁押替代性措施中电子监控处分的制度建构  

作　　者：赵一平 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《数字法治》2024年第5期197-210,共14页DIGITAL LAW

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助)项目(项目编号:23XNH023)阶段性成果

摘　　要：通过搭建数字化监管平台,对刑事诉讼中被采取非羁押强制措施的人员实施电子监控,在我国司法实践中已经出现并逐步推广。然而,此种做法一定程度上存在“司法实践先行,制度供给不足”的问题,亟须探索更为合理可行的方案。回归法理,借助利益衡量方法,能够证成电子监控处分的正当性。在处分类型上,电子监控处分当属强制处分,在我国刑事强制措施体系下,宜将该处分定位为非羁押强制措施执行中的科技监督手段,即依附于羁押替代性措施而存在。既往关于科技定位侦查的理论研究,也有助于加深对行踪信息类监控法治化的理解。具体制度建构上,仍应坚持合法性原则与依存性原则,完善程序控制,遵循比例原则,加强个人信息保护,关注犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的诉讼主体地位,避免电子监控处分中人权保障理念缺位。The electronic monitoring of defendants who are not in custody in criminal proceedings through a digital supervision platform has emerged in China's judicial practice and has been gradually promoted.However,lacking of sufficient legal basis in the judicial practice,a more reasonable and feasible solution is in urgent need.Based on the jurisprudence,with the interest balancing method,the legitimacy of electronic monitoring sanction can be justified.In the type of sanctions,“electronic monitoring sanction”belongs to the compulsory sanction.In China's criminal compulsory measures system,electronic monitoring should be considered as technical supervision measures in the enforcement of non-custodial compulsory measure,which is existed as the alternative measure to custody.The previous theoretical research on technical positioning investigation is also beneficial to the better understanding of legalization of location information monitoring.In the specific system construction,we should also adhere to the principle of legality and the principle of interdependence,improve procedural management,follow the principle of proportionality,strengthen the protection of personal information,meanwhile,pay attention to the litigation status of the accused to avoid the absence of human rights guarantee in electronic monitoring.

关 键 词：羁押替代性措施 电子监控 强制处分 基本权干预 个人信息保护 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]