97株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性分析  

Analysis of the Drug Resistance Spectrum in 97 Strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

作　　者：蒲俏虹 陈至里 杨彤 周莹 张少俊 黄心照 彭拓华 Pu Qiaohong;Chen Zhili;Yang Tong(Guangdong Province Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510440,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省生物制品与药物研究所,广东广州510440

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2025年第4期462-465,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：广东省中医药局科研项目(20211053)。

摘　　要：目的:分析97株2020年临床分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)标本的耐药谱和多重耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:纸片琼脂扩散法(K-B法)检测MRSA对不同抗菌药物的敏感性,微量稀释法检测不同抗生素对97株MRSA的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),分析其耐药谱和多重耐药性。结果:97株MRSA的临床分离株中,78株表现出多重耐药菌特征(显示出对三类及以上抗生素显著耐药性)占80.41%,多重耐药指数(MARI)为0.506 9。MRSA对青霉素(94.85%)和红霉素(90.72%)的耐药率均高于90.00%,对苯唑西林(77.32%)、头孢西丁(68.04%)、克林霉素(65.98%)、环丙沙星(55.67%)、四环素(51.55%)和头孢唑林(50.52%)的耐药率也较高,均超过50.00%,对复方磺胺甲噁唑、利奈唑烷、万古霉素几乎不耐药(RR≤5.00%)。结论:临床分离MRSA多重耐药率高,除了对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药之外,对大环内酯类、林可霉素类、四环素类和氟喹诺酮类抗生素也具有较高的耐药性,应引起重视,定期进行监测,指导临床合理用药。Objective:To analyze the drug resistance spectrum and multidrug resistance of 97 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)in 2020,so as to provide reference for rational drug use in clinical practice.Methods:The sensitivity of MRSA to different antibiotics was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,while the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of different antibiotics against the 97 MRSA strains was determined using the broth microdilution method.Analysis of their drug resistance spectrum and multidrug resistance was done.Results:Among the 97 clinical isolates of MRSA,78 strains,accounting for 80.41%,exhibited characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria,resulting in a multidrug resistance index(MARI)of 0.5069.The resistance rates for penicillin and erythromycin were both above 90.00%,with values of 94.85%and 90.72%respectively.Additionally,the resistance rates for oxacillin,cefotaxime,clindamycin,ciprofloxacin,tetracycline,and ceftazidime were also high,exceeding 50%in all cases.However,MRSA demonstrated low resistance rates(RR≤5.00%)to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim,linezolid,and vancomycin.In conclusion,the prevalence of multidrug resistance among clinically isolated MRSA is alarmingly high.Conclusion:It is crucial to address not only the resistance toβ-lactam antibiotics but also the resistance to macrolides,lincomycin,tetracyclines,and fluoroquinolones.Therefore,regular monitoring is essential to ensure the appropriate use of antibiotics in clinical practice.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 多重耐药 耐药谱 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]