基于改进遗传算法的水库防洪优化调度应用研究  

Research on the application of reservoir flood optimal operation based on improved genetic algorithm

作　　者：苑希民[1] 刘广 王秀杰[1] 彭芳 李匡[2,3] 刘战友 张民升 刘业森 YUAN Ximin;LIU Guang;WANG Xiujie;PENG Fang;LI Kuang;LIU Zhanyou;ZHANG Minsheng;LIU Yesen(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Engineering and Technology Research Center for Flood Control,Drought Mitigation and Disaster Reduction(Flood and Drought Disaster Defense Center),Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038;Tianjin Water Engineering Operation and Dispatching Center,Tianjin 300074)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津300350 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心(水旱灾害防御中心),北京100038 [4]天津市水务工程运行调度中心,天津300074

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2025年第2期13-18,共6页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFC3209202);天津市防洪调度应急指挥平台建设项目(JZ120205A0042024)。

摘　　要：针对水库常规调度方法存在的非动态性、灵活性不足及对复杂环境变化适应性差等问题,考虑水库防洪调度任务的多目标需求和传统遗传算法在复杂约束条件下的局限性,提出基于改进遗传算法的水库多目标防洪优化调度方法。即以最大削峰和最高库水位最低为优化目标函数,引入动态变化的交叉和变异策略,将水库常规操作规则和水库泄流一般操作原则概化为启发式信息融入传统遗传算法中并求解。以海河流域杨庄水库为研究对象分别构建基于改进遗传算法、调度规则及传统遗传算法的水库防洪调度模型,并进行对比分析。结果表明,改进遗传算法能够显著提高水库的调度效率和防洪能力,为汛期水库的管理提供了可靠技术。Aiming to address the issues of non-dynamicity,insufficient flexibility,and poor adaptability to complex environmental changes in conventional reservoir scheduling methods,this paper considers the multi-objective requirements of reservoir flood scheduling tasks and the limitations of traditional genetic algorithms under complex constraints.It proposes a multi-objective flood optimization scheduling method for reservoirs based on an improved genetic algorithm.The optimization objective functions are to maximize peak cutting and minimize the highest reservoir water level.The algorithm introduces dynamic crossover and mutation strategies,and incorporates heuristic information from conventional reservoir operating rules and general reservoir discharge principles into the traditional genetic algorithm for model solving.Taking the Yangzhuang Reservoir on the northern rivers of the Haihe River Basin as the research object,the paper constructs reservoir flood scheduling models based on the improved genetic algorithm,scheduling rules,and traditional genetic algorithm,and conducts comparative analysis.The results show that the improved genetic algorithm can significantly improve the scheduling efficiency and flood control capability of the reservoir,providing reliable technology for reservoir management during the flood season.

关 键 词：水库防洪调度 多目标 优化算法 改进遗传算法 启发式信息 海河流域 杨庄水库 

分 类 号：TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV213.4