基于综合评价的BWB无人机总体方案优化  

Overall scheme optimization of BWB UAVs based on comprehensive evaluation

作　　者：索欣诗 王宇[2] 朱正 SUO Xinshi;WANG Yu;ZHU Zheng(School of Aeronautical Engineering,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业职业技术大学航空工程学院,南京210023 [2]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2025年第2期466-477,共12页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：南京工业职业技术大学引进人才科研启动基金(YK22-03-01)。

摘　　要：为提高翼身融合(BWB)布局无人机(UAVs)总体方案优化设计效率,根据翼身融合布局无人机外形和性能特点,建立了适用于概念设计阶段无人机总体方案的多学科综合分析模型、综合评价模型和优化模型,并开发了相应工具。采用数值分析和工程方法相结合,完成翼身融合布局无人机总体方案的几何、质量、气动和隐身特性分析。采用改进的逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS),从无人机的装载能力、经济性和适应性角度出发,建立综合评价模型。以多个无人机方案为算例,验证了分析模型的合理性。利用可并行的子集模拟优化算法,以巡航升阻比最大和前向雷达散射截面积(RCS)最小为目标完成传统多目标优化,以竞争力最强为目标完成基于综合评价的方案优化。以多目标优化过程产生的全部方案为基础完成参数相关性分析,验证展长、后掠角和扭转角对气动和隐身特性的影响。最终的多目标优化方案RCS降低了41.6%,巡航升阻比提高了3.5%;综合评价优化方案的竞争力得分提高了44.0%。To improve the overall scheme optimization efficiency of blended wing body(BWB)unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),a model involving multi-disciplinary analysis,comprehensive evaluation,and optimization suitable for the overall scheme of UAVs in the conceptual design stage was established,in consideration of the geometric and performance characteristics of BWB UAVs.Additionally,corresponding tools were developed.The analysis of geometry,mass,aerodynamics,and stealth characteristics of the BWB UAVs in the overall scheme was performed by combining numerical analysis with engineering methods.An improved TOPSIS method was adopted to establish a comprehensive evaluation model concerning payload capacity,economy,and adaptability of UAVs.The rationality of the analysis model was verified by using several UAV schemes as calculation cases.A parallelizable subset simulation optimization algorithm was utilized to perform a traditional multi-objective optimization with the objectives of maximizing the cruise lift-to-drag ratio and minimizing the forward radar cross section(RCS),and scheme optimization based on the comprehensive evaluation was achieved with the goal of realizing the optimal competitiveness.Based on all schemes generated during the multi-objective optimization process,a parameter correlation analysis was completed,verifying the impact of wingspan,sweep angle,and twist angle on aerodynamic and stealth characteristics.The final multi-objective optimization scheme achieves a 41.6%reduction in RCS and a 3.5%increase in cruise lift-to-drag ratio.The competitiveness score of the optimization scheme based on comprehensive evaluation was improved by 44.0%.

关 键 词：翼身融合 无人机 概念设计 综合评价 优化 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]