释硅真菌Aspergillus niger CA-5的分离鉴定及抗逆促生特性  

Isolation,identification,stress resistance and promoting function of the silicon-releasing fungus Aspergillus niger CA-5

作　　者：习彦花[1] 林勇 李俊磊 吕亚天 孙立博 魏帅强 程辉彩[1] XI Yanhua;LIN Yong;LI Junlei;LYU Yatian;SUN Libo;WEI Shuaiqiang;CHENG Huicai(Biology Institute,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081,China;College of Landscape and Ecology,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院生物研究所,石家庄050081 [2]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,邯郸056038 [3]河北地质大学水资源与环境学院,石家庄050031

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2025年第1期131-138,共8页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22322904D,22373803D);河北省科学院高层次人才培养项目(2023G06)。

摘　　要：文章采用选择性培养基从河北典型铁尾矿区土壤中挖掘优良菌株资源,通过对溶硅能力的定性筛选和定量测定获得一株高效的释硅真菌CA-5,经培养性状、形态特征及ITS分子生物学鉴定为黑曲霉Aspergillus niger,同时对其生态适应性及相关促生能力进行了测定,并通过室内盆栽验证该菌对小白菜幼苗的促生效果。结果表明:该株高效释硅真菌CA-5对富硅铁尾矿的释硅量可达30.03 mg/L;对盐、酸碱、干旱等逆境具有较好的生态适应性,同时具有溶磷解钾、分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)及铁载体等促生能力。结果表明,接种适宜浓度的CA-5显著促进了植物幼苗株高、鲜质量和干质量的增加,显著提高小白菜叶片叶绿素相对含量(Soil and Plant Analyzer Development,SPAD),明显改善植株的倾倒现象。该株高效释硅黑曲霉CA-5具有作为释硅微生物菌剂的开发潜力,可为开发新型生物硅肥、助力尾矿绿色生态修复提供新的途径。Excellent strain resources were extracted from the soil of typical iron tail mining area in Hebei province by selective medium.A highly efficient silicon-releasing fungus CA-5 was obtained through qualitative screening and quantitative determination of silicon-soluble ability.It was identified as Aspergillus niger by culture characteristics,morphological characteristics and ITS molecular biology.At the same time,its ecological adaptability and related growth-promoting ability were measured,and its growthpromoting effect on Chinese cabbage seedlings was verified by indoor pot.The results showed that the amount of silicon-releasing fungus CA-5 on silicon-rich iron tailings could reach 30.03 mg/L.acetic acid(IAA)and ferric carrier were active in acetic acid,salt,acid and drought.The acetic acid was active in acetic acid and acetic acid(IAA).The results showed that inoculation with suitable concentration of CA-5 significantly promoted the increase of Plant height,fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings,significantly increased the relative content of Soil and Plant Analyzer Development(SPAD)in leaves of Chinese cabbage,and significantly improved the tipping phenomenon of plants.The strain of high-efficiency silica-releasing Aspergillus niger CA-5 had the potential to be used as a silica-releasing microbial agent,which could provide a new way to develop a new type of biological silicon fertilizer and help the green ecological restoration of tailings.

关 键 词：释硅真菌 筛选鉴定 黑曲霉 抗逆性 促生 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]