基于单细胞测序的胃癌从癌前病变进展为恶性肿瘤的潜在机制综述  

Research advances on potential mechanisms of gastric cancer progression from precancerous lesion to malignant tumour based on the single-cell sequencing

作　　者：原姚谦 陈倩倩[2] 王佳凤 吕昆明 令狐恩强[3] YUAN Yaoqian;CHEN Qianqian;WANG Jiafeng;LYU Kunming;LINGHU Enqiang(Chinese PLA Medical School,Beijing 100853,China;Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Super Minimally Invasive Unit,Department of Gastroenterology,the First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China;Department of Gastroenterology,the First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院第一医学中心消化内科医学部消化内镜超级微创科,北京100853 [3]解放军总医院第一医学中心消化内科医学部,北京100853

出　　处：《解放军医学院学报》2024年第12期1272-1277,共6页Academic Journal of Chinese PLA Medical School

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2503600)。

摘　　要：胃癌是全世界癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,降低其病死率已成为一个迫切的公共卫生问题。阐明胃癌从癌前病变演化为恶性肿瘤的潜在机制,对于发现关键靶点并阻断疾病的进展具有重要意义。近年来单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,sc RNA-seq)技术已经取得了重要突破。scRNA-seq可分辨细胞异质性并预测和分析细胞间的相互影响,识别癌细胞中的新突变,从而探索从癌前病变进展为恶性肿瘤的过程中发生的渐进式表观基因组变化。因此,本文从单细胞测序角度阐述胃癌恶变的潜在机制,聚焦胃癌“恶性”进展过程中上皮细胞状态和进化动力学机制,细胞-细胞互作网络的动力学解析,非恶性、恶性组织肿瘤微环境的变化,以及单细胞转录在胃癌演变研究中的应用。Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,and reducing the mortality rate has become an urgent public health issue.Elucidation of the underlying mechanisms by which gastric cancer evolves from a precancerous lesion to a malignant tumor is important for identifying key targets and blocking disease progression.Recently,important breakthroughs have been made in single-cell RNA transcriptome sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology.scRNA-seq can discriminate cellular heterogeneity and predict and analyze cell-cell interactions,identify novel mutations in cancer cells,explore the progressive epigenomic changes that occur during progression from precancerous to malignant tumors.Therefore,this paper describes the potential mechanisms of gastric cancer malignancy from the perspective of single-cell sequencing,focusing on the epithelial cell state and evolutionary dynamics during"malignant"progression of gastric cancer,the kinetic resolution of cell-cell interactions networks and changes in the TME of both non-malignant and malignant tissues,as well as the application of single-cell transcription in the evolutionary study of gastric cancer.

关 键 词：胃癌 单细胞RNA测序 癌变 细胞异质性 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]