老年住院患者营养状况调查及营养不良相关因素分析  

Investigation of Nutritional Status and Analysis of Related Factors of Malnutrition in Elderly Inpatients

作　　者：吴秀琴 刘淑明[1] 陈清祥[2] 杨华娟 WU Xiu-qin;LIU Shu-ming;CHEN Qing-xiang;YANG Hua-juan(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital,Sanming Fujian 365001,China;Department of Health management department,Sanming Integrated Medicine Hospital,Sanming Fujian 365001,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市中西医结合医院临床营养科,福建三明365001 [2]三明市中西医结合医院健康管理部,福建三明365001

出　　处：《中华养生保健》2025年第2期4-7,共4页CHINESE HEALTH CARE

基　　金：福建中医药大学校管科研课题(XB2022123)。

摘　　要：目的对住院老年患者的营养状况进行调查分析,探讨老年住院患者营养不良的危险因素,为老年患者营养支持提供依据。方法采取随机抽样法选取2023年1月—2023年12月三明市中西医结合医院营养科参与营养会诊的老年患者,年龄≥60周岁,对入选的262例老年患者采取营养风险筛查(NRS2002)、主观整体评(SGA)等方式进行全面的营养状况评估,发放262份问卷,回收262份有效问卷,有效率为100%,分析患者实验室检查指标及临床资料等方面的资料,采用logistic回归分析营养不良的影响因素。结果本研究中营养科会诊的262例老年患者中的营养风险发生率(NRS≥3分)为81.3%,营养不良的发生率为72.9%,根据其是否存在营养不良进行分组,分为营养不良组(n=191)和营养良好组(n=71),logistic多因素分析发现,感染情况、活动能力、患病种类、平素是否进食充分是老年患者发生营养不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论60岁及以上住院患者营养风险发生率、营养不良率高,老年住院患者发生营养不良与多种因素相关,临床应高度重视,及早进行营养不良识别及营养干预。Objective To investigate and evaluate the nutritional status of hospitalized elderly patients,and explore the risk factors of malnutrition in hospitalized elderly patients,so as to provide basis for nutritional support for elderly patients.Methods A random sampling method was adopted to select the elderly patients who participated in nutrition consultation in the nutrition Department of Sanming Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2023 to December 2023.The 262 elderly patients were enrolled by nutritional risk screening(NRS2002)and subjective overall assessment(SGA)for comprehensive nutritional status assessment.262 questionnaires were distributed and 262 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective rate of 100%.The data of laboratory examination indicators and clinical data of patients were analyzed,and the infl uencing factors of malnutrition were analyzed by logistic regression.Results In this study,the incidence of nutritional risk(NRS≥3 points)and malnutrition was 81.3%and 72.9%in 262 elderly patients consulted by the Department of Nutrition.According to whether they had malnutrition,they were divided into malnutrition group(n=191)and good nutrition group(n=71).logistic multivariate analysis found that,Infection,activity,disease type and suffi cient diet were the infl uencing factors of malnutrition in elderly patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of nutritional risk and malnutrition in hospitalized patients aged 65 and above is high.The occurrence of malnutrition in hospitalized elderly patients is related to many factors.Clinical attention should be paid to malnutrition identifi cation and nutrition intervention as soon as possible.

关 键 词：老年人 营养风险筛查 营养不良 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]