头颈部肿瘤患者放化疗期间营养状况变化的相关研究  

Related Study on Changes of Nutritional Status of Patients with Head and Neck Tumors During Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy

作　　者：徐丽贤[1] 顾永娟 张永芹[1] 陈亚楠[1] XU Lixian;GU Yongjuan;ZHANG Yongqin;CHEN Yanan(Zhangjiagang City the First People's Hospital,Zhangjiagang,Jiangsu 215600)

机构地区：[1]张家港市第一人民医院,江苏张家港215600

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第35期33-37,41,共6页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的分析头颈部肿瘤患者放化疗过程中营养风险及营养不良的发生率及人体成分的改变。方法本研究共纳入72例头颈部肿瘤放化疗患者,在不同放射治疗阶段(放射治疗前、中、后)调查了患者NRS-2002评分、PG-SGA评分、人体成分分析和实验室指标,并对放射性咽炎分级、疼痛评分等进行比较。结果随着放化疗的进行,患者的NRS-2002评分逐渐增加(χ^(2)=96.028,P<0.001),营养风险的发生率亦逐次增加(分别为18.1%、54.2%、72.2%,χ^(2)=43.875,P<0.001)。PG-SGA评分也逐渐增加(χ^(2)=126.689,P<0.001);患者在不同放射治疗阶段的营养不良发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=62.271,P<0.001)。随着治疗的进行,放射性咽炎分级、疼痛评分均逐渐升高(χ^(2)=132.308;χ^(2)=130.542,P<0.001)。人体成分测量结果显示,随着治疗的进行,患者的各项测量指标的数值均逐次下降,差异有统计学意义,其中FFMI从(16.53±1.87)kg降到结束时的(15.83±1.94)kg。结论头颈部肿瘤患者在放化疗期间营养风险及营养不良发生率逐渐升高,营养相关指标持续恶化。因此,治疗期间加强对患者营养状况的观察,并重视早期营养干预,能最大程度地改善预后。Objective To investigate and analyze the nutritional risks,incidence of malnutrition and changes of body composition of patients with head and neck tumors during radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods The paper included 72 patients with head and neck tumors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for study,and investigated NRS-2002 scores,PG-SGA scores,body composition analysis and laboratory indicators at different stages of radiotherapy(before,during and after radiotherapy),compared grading of radiation pharyngitis and pain scores.Results With progress of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,NRS 2002 scores of patients increased gradually(χ^(2)=96.028,P<0.001),incidence of nutritional risks gradually increased(18.1%,54.2%,72.2%,χ^(2)=43.875,P<0.001),difference was statistically significant.The PG-SGA scores gradually increased,difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=126.689,P<0.001).There was statistically significant difference in incidence of malnutrition at different stages of radiotherapy(χ^(2)=62.271,P<0.001).With progress of treatment,grading and pain scores of radiation pharyngitis increased gradually,difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=132.308;χ^(2)=130.542,P<0.001).Measurement of human body composition showed,with progress of treatment,values of various measurement indicators decreased gradually,difference was statistically significant.Among them,FFMI decreased from 16.53±1.87kg to 15.83±1.94kg in the end.Conclusion Nutritional risks and incidence of malnutrition of patients with head and neck tumors increase gradually during radiotherapy and chemotherapy,nutrition related indicators continue to deteriorate.Therefore,strengthening observation of nutritional status of patients during treatment and emphasizing early nutritional intervention can maximize the improvement of prognosis.

关 键 词：头颈部肿瘤 化放疗 营养状况 营养风险 身体成分 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]