中药治疗重症肌无力的作用机制研究进展  

Progress in the study of the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis

作　　者：李岩 王关青 李衍滨[2] LI Yan;WANG Guanqing;LI Yanbin(The First Clinical Medical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学第一临床医学院,济南250013 [2]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)神经内科

出　　处：《环球中医药》2025年第1期161-166,共6页Global Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：山东第一医科大学学术提升计划(2019QL013);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2023MH127)。

摘　　要：中药改善重症肌无力症状疗效确切,具有多靶点、不良反应少等优势。中药有效活性成分治疗重症肌无力的作用机制,主要包括改善T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的免疫平衡,调节相关细胞因子的分泌,抑制包括白细胞介素-17、γ干扰素和肿瘤坏死因子α等在内的促炎细胞因子的表达,促进抑制炎症细胞因子白细胞介素-10、转化生长因子-β的水平,从而减轻重症肌无力的免疫反应,发挥抗炎特性。中药有效活性成分也可通过调控相关信号通路的表达和提高神经肌肉接头兴奋传递从而改善重症肌无力的临床症状,抑制疾病进展。中药有效提取成分中的苷类、酚类、黄酮类、萜类、生物碱类等均对重症肌无力有治疗作用,能有效改善重症肌无力的临床症状,增强远期疗效,在某些方面可作为诊疗重症肌无力的替代方案。本文对未来研究进行了展望,以期为重症肌无力的中药新药研发和后续研究提供参考。Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is effective in improving the symptoms of Myasthenia gravis(MG)and has the advantages of multi-targeting and less adverse effects.The study of the mechanism of action of effective active ingredients of Chinese medicine in the treatment of MG is mainly to improve the immune balance of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes,regulate the secretion of related cytokines,inhibit the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-17,IFN-γand TNF-α,and promote the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β,so as to attenuate the immune response of myasthenia gravis and exerting anti-inflammatory properties.The active ingredients of TCM can also improve the clinical symptoms of MG and inhibit disease progression by regulating the expressions of relevant signaling pathways and increasing the excitatory transmission of neuromuscular junction.Glycosides,phenols,flavonoids,terpenoids,alkaloids and other active extracts of TCM have therapeutic effects on MG,which can effectively improve clinical symptoms and enhance long-term efficacy of MG,and can be used as an alternative to treat MG in some aspects.In this paper,future research was reviewed to provide references for the development of new Chinese medicines for MG and subsequent research.

关 键 词：重症肌无力 中药 作用机制 抗炎 免疫平衡 免疫作用 信号通路 

分 类 号：R746.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]