我国孤独症谱系障碍相关的政策地图及启示  

Policy maps and insights related to autism spectrum disorders in mainland of China

作　　者：武丽杰 WU Lijie(Department of Children and Adolencent Health,School of Public Health,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2025年第1期8-12,26,共6页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：近年来孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)的患病率明显上升。该病起病早、病程长,需要长期高强度的干预,给患儿及家庭带来了极大的疾病负担,还增加了社会成本,其诊疗、康复、上学、就业及社会回归成为当前和今后长时期内全社会关注的热点问题。政府的政策保障对于ASD患者的健康转归和福祉至关重要。近十年来,我国政府越来越关注该群体,并出台了一系列政策,为ASD患儿及家庭提供了良好的服务保障和经费支持。本文回顾了近年来国家针对ASD群体的相关政策,描述了政策特征,并基于世界卫生组织的理论框架进行了政策内容分析,明确了我国ASD相关政策的关键领域和潜在差距,为今后相关政策制定提供一定的思考与建议。The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)has increased significantly in recent years.The early onset and long duration of the disease require long-term and intensive rehabilitation,which imposes a great burden of disease on the affected children and their families,and also increases the social cost.The diagnosis and treatment,rehabilitation,schooling,employment as well as social reintegration have become a hot issue of concern to the whole society at present and in the future.The government's policy safeguard is crucial to support the health transition and the well-being ofASD children.In the past decade,the Chinese government has paid more and more attention to this group and developed a series of policies to provide good health services and financial support for ASD children and their families.This paper is to review the national policies related to the ASD group in recent years,describe the policy characteristics,and conduct a policy content analysis based on the World Health Organization's theoretical framework to identify the key areas and potential gaps in China's ASD-related policies so as to provide some thoughts and suggestions for the benefits of stakeholders.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 政策策略 支持与服务体系 社会保障 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]