四轮转向系统技术研究现状及应用进展  

Four-Wheel Steering System Technology Research Status and Application Progress

作　　者：靖长青 宋义彤 Jing Changqing;Song Yitong(Henan College of Transportation,Zhengzhou 450000;Automobile Research Institute of China Heavy Duty Automobile Group Co.Ltd,Jinan 250031)

机构地区：[1]河南交通职业技术学院,郑州450000 [2]中国重型汽车集团有限公司,济南250031

出　　处：《汽车文摘》2025年第3期8-16,共9页Automotive Digest

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(232102240049)。

摘　　要：为了提升车辆的操纵稳定性和转向灵活性,通过文献综述对四轮转向系统结构、技术应用和控制方案3方面进行分析,总结了汽车四轮转向技术的主要研究方法和应用成果。当前汽车四轮转向系统的发展呈现电动化、智能化、集成化特点。四轮转向系统从经典的机械随动结构到逐渐向成熟的电动主动四轮转向结构过渡,四轮转向系统控制方案从性能单一的四轮转向控制技术向复杂的多系统集成和主动容错控制技术方向发展。未来,电动化、模块化、精准、快速和安全可靠的先进四轮转向系统是四轮转向的发展趋势,也是实现车辆操纵稳定性、转向机动灵活性提升的有效途径。In order to enhance the vehicle’s maneuverability and steering flexibility,a literature review is conducted to analyze the structures,technical applications,and controlling schemes of four-wheel steering systems,and summarize the main research methods and application outcomes of automotive four-wheel steering technology.Currently,the developement of automotive four-wheel steering systems is characterized by electrification,intelligence and integration.The four-wheel steering system is transitioning from the classic mechanical passive structure to a more mature electric active four-wheel steering structure.The control schemes for four-wheel steering systems have evolved from single-performance four-wheel steering control technology towards more complex multi-system integration and active fault-tolerant control technology.In the future,electrification,modularity,precision,speed,and safety-reliability are trends for advanced four-wheel steering systems,which are also effective ways to enhance the vehicle maneuverability and steering flexibility.

关 键 词：电动汽车 四轮转向系统 线控转向技术 控制策略 

分 类 号：U463.4[机械工程—车辆工程]