电阻抗断层成像技术原理及其在肺部疾病诊疗中的应用研究进展  

Advances in Principle of Electrical Impedance Tomography and Its Application in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases

作　　者：邹瞿超 金锦江[1] 叶建平 王立坚 王以文 黄天海[1] 张鞠成 褚永华[1] ZOU Quchao;JIN Jinjiang;YE Jianping;WANG Lijian;WANG Yiwen;HUANG Tianhai;ZHANG Jucheng;CHU Yonghua(Department of Clinical Medical Engineering,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou,310009)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院临床医学工程部,杭州市310009

出　　处：《中国医疗器械杂志》2025年第1期35-41,共7页Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation

基　　金：浙江省科技厅领雁计划项目(2022C03111)。

摘　　要：电阻抗断层成像(electrical impedance tomography,EIT)技术通过电极阵列施加安全的激励电流,依次测量阵列相邻电极对的边界电压,再通过重建算法重构组织的全部或部分区域的阻抗分布,从而实现结构和功能成像。肺部EIT技术具有连续性、无辐射、非侵入性等特点,可用于危重症患者肺部的动态实时监测。该文介绍了肺部EIT技术的基本原理,从硬件系统、成像算法和临床应用(包括肺通气、肺灌注和肺功能评估)等方面分析了该技术的研究进展和存在的问题,并对其发展方向进行了探讨,为拓展肺部EIT的临床应用提供了思路。Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)is a technique that uses an array of electrodes to deliver safe stimulating currents and measures the boundary voltages between adjacent electrode pairs in the array in sequence.Subsequently,it reconstructs the impedance distribution in all or part of the tissue using reconstruction algorithms to achieve structural and functional imaging.Lung EIT technology features continuity,being radiation-free and non-invasive,and it can be used for real-time dynamic monitoring of the lungs in critically ill patients.This paper introduces the basic principles of lung EIT,analyzes the research progress and existing problems of the technology from the perspectives of hardware systems,imaging algorithms,and clinical applications(such as lung ventilation,lung perfusion,and lung function assessment),and discusses the development direction to provide ideas for expanding the clinical application of lung EIT.

关 键 词：电阻抗断层成像 医学成像 硬件系统 图像重建算法 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R56[医药卫生—基础医学]