“气”的构式化与“愤怒”的概念化  

The Constructionalization of“Qi”and Conceptualization of“Anger”

作　　者：王晓伟[1] Wang Xiaowei

机构地区：[1]河南大学外语学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期101-106,155,共7页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：河南省国际中文教育研究与实践课题重点项目“学术中文的科学语篇特征分析与能力培养”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉语表达中“气”的构式组构方式十分丰富,构式化理论从历时角度能够揭示“愤怒”情感在汉语系统中的演化过程和概念化机制。基于CCL古汉语语料库文献,可以发现先秦时期“怒”为汉语“愤怒”情感的原型性表达,且“气”的分类业已存在。经历宋元时期构式化过程中的新分析和类比阶段,明清至今动宾结构的“生气”成为“愤怒”情感的原型性表达。在概念转喻以及隐喻机制驱动下,主谓结构“气(N)-Y”、动补和动宾结构“气(V)-Y”也可用于表达“愤怒”。所有“气”构式借助语言的图式性和能产性特征,构建构式网并产出用例,从而实现“愤怒”情感的概念化,丰富了汉语的情感表达体系。The constructions of"Qi"is rich in Chinese.The theory of the constructionalization can reveal the evolution and conceptualization process of anger in Chinese system based on the diachronic perspective.Based on the popular ancient Chinese literature in CCL,we find that"Nu"is the prototypical expression of anger in Pre-Qin period,and there has been existing the classification of"Qi".Through the new analysis and analogy of the construction in Song and Yuan Dynasties,the verb-object"Shengqi"is used as a prototype expression of the category of anger since Ming and Qing Dynasties.Due to the conceptual metonymy and metaphor mechanism,the subject-predicate structure"Qi_((N))-Y",verb-complement and verb-object structures"Qi_((V))-Y"have also been used to express anger.All"Qi"constructions construct a network and produce usages for the linguistic features of schema and productivity,by which the conceptualization of anger is realized and the emotion expression of Chinese enriched.

关 键 词：“气” “愤怒” 构式化 概念化 构式网 

分 类 号：H139[语言文字—汉语]