锦囊与秘录:清初名医冯兆张与医学知识的域外流传  

Bag of Wisdom and Hidden Archives:Famous Doctor Feng Zhaozhang and the Extraterritorial Dissemination of Medical Knowledge in the Early Qing Dynasty

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作  者:李瑞金 LI Ruijin(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区:[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,武汉430079

出  处:《中医药文化》2025年第1期37-46,共10页Chinese Medical Culture

基  金:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD770043)。

摘  要:《冯氏锦囊秘录》为清初名医冯兆张所著,此书并未被《四库全书》收录,却在民间社会广为流通。以该书为中心,考察作者冯兆张的生平、医疗社交活动以及该书的著书缘起、流传过程,可知冯兆张一生六上京师,以医结士,享誉公卿,在诸公捐助下医书得以付梓。该书集医学专业性和大众实用性于一体,在治疗痘疹、儿科方面尤有成效,所创方剂“全真一气汤”备受后世医家认可。作为初学医者的必读书目,该书远传日本、越南,受到当地医家的推崇,被摘录刊刻和奉为蓝本。有别于“正典化”医籍,《冯氏锦囊秘录》此种“方论”类医书的流传,反映了清代医学知识在民间及域外的传播路径。Feng Shi Jin Nang Mi Lu(《冯氏锦囊秘录》Feng’s Secret Books of Medicine)was written by Feng Zhaozhang(冯兆张),a famous doctor in the early Qing Dynasty.This book was not included in Si Ku Quan Shu(《四库全书》Complete Library in Four Sections),but it was widely circulated in the folk society.The study,focusing on the book,explores the life of the author Feng Zhaozhang,his medical practice and social engagements,as well as the intention of compling the book and its circulation.Feng Zhaozhang went to the capital city six times in his life,and was honored by the public officials,who contributed to the publication of the book.The book combined professional medical knowledge with practical applications for the general public,and was particularly effective in treating smallpox and pediatric diseases.The prescription he created,Quan Zhen Yi Qi Tang(全真一气汤Nature-preserving Qi-restoring Decoction),has been highly recognized by later generations of physicians.As a must-read for beginners in medicine,the book was widely spread to Japan and Vietnam,where it was highly praised by local physicians and was excerpted,published and used as a chief source.Different from the classical medical books,the circulation of medical books of prescriptions types reflected the dissemination path of traditional Chinese medical knowledge in the society and outside the country during the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词:清代 冯兆张 《冯氏锦囊秘录》 医学知识 域外流传 

分 类 号:R-092[医药卫生] G05[文化科学]

 

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