河北地区农作物秸秆营养价值评定与饲料化利用的研究  

Study on nutritional value evaluation and feed utilization of crop straws in Hebei Province

作　　者：刘婷婷 赵慧秋 赵博伟 王思伟[1] 彭朋 石少轻 梁爽 王昆[1] LIU Tingting;ZHAO Huiqiu;ZHAO Bowei;WANG Siwei;PENG Peng;SHI Shaoqing;LIANG Shuang;WANG Kun

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所河北省作物栽培与绿色生产实验室,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北省畜牧总站,河北石家庄050033

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第1期170-174,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(项目编号:2022KJCXZX-LYS-19);河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所青年创新基金(项目编号:2024LYS01);国家现代农业产业技术体系(项目编号:CARS-36);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(项目编号:HBCT2024240202)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究河北地区农作物秸秆饲料化利用的可行性。试验采集8种140份农作物秸秆,通过常规湿化学法检测秸秆营养品质,筛选优质秸秆饲料进行体外消化率评定,利用隶属函数法综合分析不同农作物秸秆的饲用价值。结果显示,绿豆秧、红小豆秧、甘薯秧和花生秧属于可直接饲喂或制作青贮的青绿饲料,大豆秸秆、芝麻秸秆、绿豆荚和红小豆荚为木质化程度和纤维含量较高的稿秕饲料。绿豆秧、甘薯秧和花生秧的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均显著低于燕麦干草(P<0.05),甘薯秧的粗蛋白(CP)含量、30 h体外干物质消化率(IVDMD_(30 h))和体外中性洗涤纤维消化率(IVNDFD_(30 h))均显著高于燕麦干草(P<0.05)。玉米秸秆的NDF和ADF含量低于大豆秸秆和芝麻秸秆,高于绿豆荚和红小豆荚。通过饲料营养核心指标进行隶属函数计算,不同优质青绿饲料的常规营养品质和体外消化率综合营养价值排序为:甘薯秧>燕麦干草>绿豆秧>花生秧>红小豆秧。不同种类稿秕饲料常规营养价值排序为:红小豆荚>绿豆荚>芝麻秸秆>玉米秸秆>大豆秸秆。研究表明,在不影响饲粮营养水平的前提下,可使用甘薯秧和绿豆秧干草替代反刍动物饲粮中的部分燕麦干草,使用红小豆荚和绿豆荚作为饲料填充物,从而节约饲料成本,提高经济效益。The experiment aimed to explore the feasibility of utilizing crop straw as feed in the Hebei Province.Eight kinds of 140 crop straws were collected in the experiment,the nutritional quality of straws was detected by conventional wet chemical method,and the high quality straws were screened for in vitro digestibility evaluation.The feeding value of different crop straws was comprehensively analyzed by membership function method.The results showed that mung bean vine,red bean vine,sweet potato vine and peanut vine belong to the green fodder that can be fed directly or made into silage,while soybean straw,sesame straw,mung bean pods and red bean were the straw fodder with a high degree of lignification and fiber.The NDF and ADF of mung bean vine,sweet potato vine and peanut vine were significantly lower than that of oat hay(P<0.05),while the CP content,IVDMD_(30 h) and IVNDFD_(30 h) of sweet potato vine were significantly higher than that of oat hay(P<0.05).The NDF and ADF contents of corn straw were lower than those of soybean straw and sesame straw,and higher than those of mung bean and red bean pod.The affiliation function was calculated through the core indicators.The combined nutritional value of different kinds of green forages in terms of conventional nutritional quality and in vitro digestibility was ranked as follows:Sweet potato vine > oat hay > mung bean vine > peanut vine> red bean vine.The nutritional value of different kinds of straw fodder was ranked as follows:Red bean pods> mung bean pods > sesame straw > corn straw >soybean straw.The study indicates that without affecting the nutritional level of the feed,it is possible to use sweet potato vine and mung bean vine to replace some of the oat hay in ruminant feed,and red bean pods and mung bean pods as forage fillers,thus saving on feed costs and improving economic efficiency.

关 键 词：河北 农作物秸秆 营养品质 饲料化利用 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]