开式转子气动噪声风洞试验  

Aerodynamic noise test of open rotor in wind tunnel

作　　者：陈正武[1] 姜裕标[1] 卢翔宇[1] 李抢斌 CHEN Zhengwu;JIANG Yubiao;LU Xiangyu;LI Qiangbin(Low Speed Aerodynamic Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第2期40-51,共12页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0405700);国家级项目。

摘　　要：开式转子推进效率高,是当前航空发动机领域重要的发展方向,但开式转子气动干扰复杂,辐射的气动噪声强,致使气动噪声成为开式转子发动机研制面临的关键问题。为了评估开式转子气动噪声特性,验证开式转子气动噪声预测方法,分析开式转子气动噪声机理,利用新研制的大功率开式转子动力模拟试验装置,在5.5 m×4 m声学风洞开展了典型开式转子模型的气动噪声风洞试验研究;并建立了开式转子气动噪声的风洞试验数据处理方法,发展了开式转子气动噪声的阶次分解方法,系统分析了开式转子气动噪声特性和机理。研究结果表明:开式转子不同阶次单音的分离误差小于0.26 dB;开式转子气动噪声的线谱丰富且明显,覆盖频率范围宽,单音是开式转子最主要的噪声源;开式转子总噪声和单音主要朝90°辐射角附近传播,宽频噪声主要朝桨平面后方传播,前桨单音和后桨单音主要朝70°~110°辐射角传播。The open rotor has high propulsion efficiency and is an important development direction in the aero engine field.However,the aerodynamic interference of open rotor is complicated and the radiated aerodynamic noise is strong,making aerodynamic noise become a key problem in the development of open rotor engines.To evaluate the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the open rotor,verify the aerodynamic noise prediction method of the open rotor,and analyze the aerodynamic noise mechanism of the open rotor,the aerodynamic noise test of typical open rotor was carried out in the 5.5 m×4 m acoustic wind tunnel by using a newly developed high-power open rotor dynamic simulation test device.The processing method of the wind tunnel test data of open rotor aerodynamic noise is established,the order decomposition method of open rotor aerodynamic noise is developed,and the characteristics and mechanism of open rotor aerodynamic noise are systematically studied.The results show that the separation error of different orders of tone for open rotor is less than 0.26 dB.The aerodynamic noise of open rotor is rich and obvious and covers a wide frequency range,with single frequency noise being the main noise source of open rotor.The total noise and single-frequency noise of the open rotor mainly propagate towards the radiation angle of 90°,the wide frequency noise mainly propagates towards the rear of the propeller plane,and the single tone of front propeller and rear propeller mainly propagate towards the radiation angle of 70°-110°.

关 键 词：开式转子 气动噪声 风洞试验 声学风洞 阶次分解 

分 类 号：V211.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]