基于激励-保健理论对临床护士工作满意度的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究  

The research of latent profile analysis and influencing factors of clinical nurses'job satisfaction that based on Motivation-Hygiene theory

作　　者：张文馨 李月[1] 王涛[1] 刘丽平[1] 孙育红 ZHANG Wenxin;LI Yue;WANG Tao;LIU Liping;SUN Yuhong(Nursing Department,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院护理部,北京市100029

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2025年第1期33-38,60,共7页Journal of Nursing Administration

基　　金：2023-2024年度国家卫生健康委人才交流服务中心中国卫生人才培养项目(RCLX2320049)。

摘　　要：目的分析临床护士工作满意度的潜在剖面类别及影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查表、明尼苏达满意度短式量表、护士执业环境测评量表、护士职业认同量表和护理人员组织承诺感知量表对北京市3所三级综合医院的1493名临床护士进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析建立临床护士工作满意度潜在类别模型,多元Logistic回归分析临床护士工作满意度潜在类别的影响因素。结果临床护士工作满意度分为3个潜在剖面类别,“低保健-激励”(16.01%)、“高保健”(62.63%)和“高保健-激励”(21.37%)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,科室类型、执业环境中的人力配备、社会地位、医院管理参与度、领导与沟通及质量管理、职业认同对临床护士不同类别工作满意度影响不同。结论临床护士工作满意度水平偏低,激励因素和保健因素对不同类别的工作满意度影响不同。医院管理者应该重视护士的工作满意度,在采取措施时要有策略性,注重个性化的策略,切实为护士改善职业环境,注重沟通交流,提高管理能力;社会层面要重视护理工作的重要性,提高护士的社会地位。Objective To analyze the potential profiles and influencing factors of clinical nurses'job satisfaction.Methods A total of 1493 clinical nurses from three tertiary A general hospitals in Beijing were investigated by using a general information questionnaire,the Minnesota Satisfaction Short Scale,Nurse Practice Environment Assessment Scale,Nurse Professional Identity Scale and Organizational Commitment Perception Scale for Nurses.It established a potential category model for clinical nurse job satisfaction by using latent profile analysis,the multivariate Logistic regression analyzed the factors influencing potential categories of job satisfaction among clinical nurses.Results The clinical nurses'job satisfaction was divided into 3 potential profile categories:"Low Hygiene-motivation"(16.01%),"High Hygiene"(62.63%),and"High Hygiene-motivation"(21.37%).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that department type,human resource allocation,social status,hospital management participation,leadership and communication,quality management in professional environment evaluation,and professional identity had different impacts on job satisfaction in different categories.Conclusion The job satisfaction of clinical nurses is at a moderately low level,and there are significant differences among motivational and health factors.The results suggest that hospital management should focus on improving nurses'job satisfaction,and there should be a strategic measure,emphasizing personalized strategies,effectively reduce nurses'burden,pay attention to communication and improve leaders'management ability.On the social level,the importance of nursing work should be emphasized to improve the social status of nurses.

关 键 词：临床护士 工作满意度 激励-保健因素 执业环境 职业认同 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R192.6[医药卫生—临床医学]