德国临床医学教育模式特点及启示  

Characteristics and Enlightenment of Clinical Medical Education Model in Germany

作　　者：齐雯雯 宫宁悦 吴庆忠 田雪梅 QI Wenwen;GONG Ningyue;WU Qingzhong;TIAN Xuemei(Otolaryngology Department,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250012,China;Medical School,University of Munich,Munich 80539,Germany;Education Department,Shan-dong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院耳鼻咽喉科,山东济南250012 [2]德国慕尼黑大学医学院,德国慕尼黑80539 [3]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院教育处,山东济南250012

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2025年第2期59-62,67,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年山东省医药卫生科技发展计划面上项目(202215010771);2023年山东省教育教学研究一般课题(2023JXY023);2021年山东大学研究生思政教育研究课题(2021YGB19)。

摘　　要：德国作为西医医学发源地之一,其精英教育思想贯穿医学生培养的方方面面。从德国临床医学的招生模式、学制时长与课程设置、教学方式、医学教育考试以及对外交流情况等方面,总结与探讨德国医学教育特点。德国现有医学教育体制的形成与其地理位置、历史文化氛围、政治思想有密切关系,其部分医学教育理念和方式值得我们思考,但需要结合我国国情“因校制宜、因地制宜、因人制宜”,可注重实践与理论的结合、改革教学方式及奖励机制、严格执行分阶段综合评估及完善多角度的教学质量测评等,促进我国医学教育的发展。As one of the cradles of Western medicine,the thought of "elite education" runs through all aspects of medical student training in Germany.This paper summarizes and discusses the characteristics of German medical education from the aspects of German clinical medicine enrollment mode,academic duration,curriculum setting,teaching methods,medical education examination and international exchanges.The formation of the current medical education system in Germany is closely related to its geographical location,historical and cultural environment,political ideology,and some of its medical education concepts and methods are worth contemplating.However,it is necessary to combine China's national conditions by considering factors like the specific school,region,and individual,such as focusing on practical and theoretical tuberculosis,reforming teaching methods and reward mechanisms,strictly implementing phased comprehensive assessment and improving multi-angle teaching quality assessment.

关 键 词：德国医学教育 医师资格考试 临床轮转 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]