尿素添加浓度对乳酸菌发酵秸秆体外瘤胃发酵的影响  

Effect of Lactobacillus Straw Added at Different Urea Concentrations on Rumen Fermentation in Vitro

作　　者：毕庆悦 张敏[1,2] 金楚砚[1] 耿春银 金英海[1,2] BI Qingyue;ZHANG Min;JIN Chuyan;GENG Chunyin;JIN Yinghai(Agricultural College of Yanbian University,Jilin Yanji 133000,China;Engineering Research Center of Science and Technology Innovation of Beef Cattle in Northeast Cold Region,Ministry of Education,Jilin Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133000 [2]东北寒区肉牛科技创新教育部工程研究中心,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第4期88-93,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目[31660669];吉林省科技发展项目[20220202048NC];延边大学校企合作项目[492022012]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究乳酸菌发酵后的玉米秸秆添加不同浓度尿素对延边黄牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响。分别在乳酸菌发酵玉米秸秆中添加0(对照组)、0.5%(T1组)、1.0%(T2组)、1.5%(T3组)和2.0%(T4组)的尿素,用3头体重600 kg左右,装有永久瘤胃瘘管的延边黄牛瘤胃液进行体外发酵,测定体外瘤胃发酵产气量、产气参数、甲烷产量、瘤胃原虫数量、发酵参数、体外干物质消化率等指标。结果表明:T2组最大产气量显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);甲烷产量随尿素添加量增加呈先降低再升高的趋势,T2组的甲烷产量最低,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);T2组氨态氮含量显著低于T3、T4组(P<0.05);T2组pH显著低于对照组、T3、T4组(P<0.05);T2组总挥发性脂肪酸含量高于其他组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);T2组乙酸/丙酸值显著低于对照组、T4组(P<0.05);T1、T2组有机物消化率、代谢能显著高于对照组、T3、T4组(P<0.05);T2组干物质体外消化率显著高于其他组(P<0.05),T3、T4组粗蛋白体外消化率显著高于对照组、T1、T2组(P<0.05)。添加尿素对降低甲烷产量、瘤胃原虫数量等作用不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,添加1.0%尿素的乳酸菌发酵秸秆相对于其他组在提高产气量、有机物消化率、粗蛋白体外消化率,降低乙酸/丙酸值方面效果最好。The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus-fermented maize stover supplemented with different concentrations of urea on in vitro rumen fermentation in Yanbian yellow cattle.The rumen fluid was collected from three Yanbian yellow cattle weighing about 600 kg and fitted with perma-nent rumen fistulas.Urea was added to Lactobacillus corn stover at 0(control group),0.5%(T1 group),1.0%(T2 group),1.5%(T3 group)and 2.0%(T4 group),respectively.The effects on in vitro rumen fermentation gas production,gas production parameters,methane content,rumen protozoa population,fermentation parameters,and in vitro dry matter digestibility were studied.The results showed that the maximum gas pro-duction value of T2 group was significantly higher than the rest of the groups(P<0.05);the methane content decreased and then increased with the increase of urea addition,and the methane content of T2 group was the lowest,but the difference was not significant among the groups(P>0.05);the ammoniacal nitrogen value of T2 group was signifi-cantly lower than that of the T3 and T4 groups(P<0.05);the pH of T2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group,T3 and T4 groups(P<0.05);the pH of T2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group,T3 and T4 groups(P<0.05);the pH of T2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group,T3 and T4 groups(P<0.05);total volatile fatty acids in T2 group were higher than other groups,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);acetic acid/propionic acid content in T2 group was significantly lower than control and T4 groups(P<0.05);organic matter digestibility and metabolisable energy were significantly higher in T1 and T2 groups than in control,T3 and T4 groups(P<0.05);in vitro digestibility of dry matter in T2 group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05),and the in vitro digestibility of crude protein of T3 and T4 groups was significantly higher than that of control,T1 and T2 groups(P<0.05).The effect of adding urea on reducing m

关 键 词：尿素 乳酸菌 发酵参数 玉米秸秆 瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]