核桃壳多糖提取、纯化及其衍生物抗氧化活性  

Extraction,purification and antioxidant activity of walnut shell polysaccharide and its derivatives

作　　者：王文斌 周石洋 蒋文明 WANG Wen-bin;ZHOU Shi-yang;JIANG Wen-ming(Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College;Chongqing(Changshou)Green Chemical and Material Industry Technology Research Institute,Chongqing 401228,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆化工职业学院 [2]重庆(长寿)绿色化工与新材料产业技术研究院,重庆401228

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2025年第2期242-251,374,共11页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究计划(KJZD-K202204502,KJQN202304501,KJQN202404513);热带药用资源化学教育部重点实验室开放基金(RDZH2023004)。

摘　　要：为了研究核桃壳多糖的结构特征及其衍生物的体外抗氧化活性,该研究以核桃壳为原料,采用水提醇沉法制备核桃壳多糖,并采用化学合成法制备得到了乙酰化核桃壳多糖和磷酸化核桃壳多糖2个衍生物。通过对核桃壳多糖的分子量、单糖组分、分子结构特征以及衍生物体外抗氧化活性进行了全面深入的研究,获得了一系列具有研究意义的核桃壳多糖及其衍生物的数据信息。研究结果表明,经DEAE-52和Sephadex G-100分离纯化后获得的均一核桃壳多糖组分其分子量为9.45×10^(4) Da,总糖含量为98.51%。单糖测定结果显示,核桃壳多糖为酸性的杂多糖,含有鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、木糖和半乳糖醛酸,其各单糖组分摩尔比为6.7∶16.5∶28.3∶11.2∶12.5∶24.8。体外抗氧化活性实验结果表明,核桃壳多糖及其衍生物能够表现出良好的生物活性,特别是磷酸化修饰的多糖活性最佳。在质量浓度为3.2 mg/mL时,磷酸化核桃壳多糖对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的清除率分别为92.0%、96.5%和92.3%。In order to study the structural characteristics of walnut shell polysaccharide and the antioxidant activities of its derivatives in vitro,walnut shell polysaccharide were prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation,and two derivatives of acetylated and phosphorylated walnut shell polysaccharide were prepared by chemical synthesis.The molecular weight,monosaccharide components,molecular structure characteristics and antioxidant activities of its derivatives were studied comprehensively and deeply,and a series of meaningful data information for the study of walnut shell polysaccharide and its derivatives were obtained.The results showed that the molecular weight of the homogeneous polysaccharide was 9.45×10^(4) Da and the total sugar content was 98.51%after DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 separation.The results of monosaccharide determination showed that walnut shell polysaccharide was an acidic heteropolysaccharide containing rhamnose,arabinose,galactose,glucose,xylose and galacturonic acid.The molar ratio of monosaccharide components was 6.7∶16.5∶28.3∶11.2∶12.5∶24.8.The results of antioxidant activity in vitro showed that walnut shell polysaccharide and its derivatives showed a good biological activity,especially the phosphorylated walnut shell polysaccharide had the best activity.The scavenging rates of superoxide anion,hydroxyl free radical and DPPH free radical were 92.0%,96.5% and 92.3%respectively when the mass concentration of walnut shell polysaccharide was 3.2 mg/mL.

关 键 词：多糖 核桃壳 衍生物 制备 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]