基于安时积分法估算电池低温荷电状态的方法对比  

Comparison of Methods for Estimating the Low-Temperature State of Charge of Battery Based on Ampere-Hour Integration

作　　者：李丽珍 王星 向小华 叶源 沈小波 LI Lizhen;WANG Xing;XIANG Xiaohua;YE Yuan;SHEN Xiaobo(Wuxi Hope Microelectronics Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡华普微电子有限公司,武汉430000

出　　处：《电子与封装》2025年第2期79-85,共7页Electronics & Packaging

摘　　要：低温环境下锂离子电池最大可用容量减少,直接影响低温荷电状态(SoC)的估算精度。测试了磷酸铁锂电池在不同温度下的最大可用容量,提出了线性低温容量损失模型和定值低温容量损失模型,分析对比了电池在这2种模型下损失的容量随温度变化的趋势,并基于安时积分法对比了这2种低温容量损失模型对SoC估算的影响。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真及实车低温充电和放电试验对比了这2种SoC的估算方法。结果表明,线性低温容量损失模型的估算精度较高,整车低温充电试验和低温放电试验的SoC估算误差分别为1.81%和3.64%,且电池静置时SoC不随电池温度变化,更加符合终端客户预期。The maximum available capacity of lithium-ion battery decreases at low temperatures,which impacts the low-temperature state of charge(SoC)estimation accuracy directly.The maximum available capacities of LiFePO4 battery are tested at different temperatures,a linear low-temperature capacity loss model and a constant low-temperature capacity loss model are proposed to analyze and compare the different trends of capacity losses of batteries with temperature under these two models,and the effects of these two low-temperature capacity loss models on SoC estimation are compared based on the ampere-hour integration method.The two SoC estimation methods are compared by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and real-vehicle low-temperature charging and discharging tests.The results show that the linear low-temperature capacity loss model has higher estimation accuracy,with SoC estimation errors of 1.81%and 3.64%in the vehicle low-temperature charging and low-temperature discharging tests,respectively,and the SoC does not change with the battery temperature when the battery is resting,which is more in line with the expectations of end customers.

关 键 词：锂电池低温容量损失模型 安时积分法 低温荷电状态估算 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]