青藏高原内流区积雪与湖泊面积的时空变化及其驱动因素分析  

An Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation and Driving Factors of Snow Cover and Lake Area in the Inland Region of the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：程朋根[1,2] 刘备 李聪毅 张梦玲 雷震 CHENG Penggen;LIU Bei;LI Congyi;ZHANG Mengling;LEI Zhen(School of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Process and Information,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学测绘与空间信息工程学院,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学江西省流域生态过程与信息重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《江西科学》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41861052,42161060);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养项目(20232BCJ22002);地理信息工程国家重点实验室、自然资源部测绘科学与地球空间信息技术重点实验室联合资助基金项目(2022-02-04)。

摘　　要：对青藏高原的积雪和湖泊资源进行监测和保护是当前研究的热点问题。以青藏高原内流流域为研究区,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台和Landsat 8 OLI影像,合成年际长时序卫星影像,提取研究区2013—2023年间积雪与湖泊的面积,探讨其时空变化规律,通过回归分析,建立积雪和湖泊面积与气象因子、地形因子的关系式。结果表明:1)2013至2023年,青藏高原内流区永久积雪的总面积减少了493 km^(2),降幅达5.98%;湖泊面积增加了1638 km^(2),增幅达4.84%;2)积雪面积在11 a间呈现周期性波动,经历下降、上升、骤降与再上升,且变化幅度逐年扩大;而湖泊面积总体保持稳定,呈现缓慢的上升趋势;3)研究区内积雪面积的主要影响因素是温度、降水、高程、坡度、坡向;湖泊面积受到积雪消融的影响,但其主要影响因素是温度、降水、高程、坡度。研究结果可以更好地帮助理解气候变化对高原生态系统的影响,了解未来气候条件下积雪和湖泊的动态变化规律,并且为决策提供支持。Monitoring and protecting snow and lake resources on the Tibetan Plateau are hot topics in current research.This paper focuses on the endorheic basin s of the Tibetan,utilizing the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and Landsat 8 OLI images to synthesize long-term annual satellite images.The areas of snow cover and lakes in the study area from 2013 to 2023 were extracted,and their spatiotemporal variation patterns were analyzed.Regression analysis was adopted to establish relationships between snow and lake areas and meteorological and topographical factors.The results show that:1)From 2013 to 2023,the total area of permanent snow in the inland drainage area of the Tibetan Plateau decreased by 493 km^(2)(a 5.98%decline);the lake area increased by 1638 km^(2)(a 4.84%rise).2)The snow area showed periodic fluctuations over the past 11 years,experiencing phases of decline,rise,sudden drop,and subsequent recovery,with the amplitude of change increasing year by year.In contrast,the lake area remained stable overall,showing a slow upward trend.3)The main factors affecting the snow area in the study area are temperature,precipitation,elevation,slope and aspect.Lake area is affected by snowmelt but is primarily influenced by temperature,precipitation,elevation and slope.The results of this study provide invaluable insights into the impact of climate change on plateau ecos ystems and the dynamic changes in snow and lakes areas under future climate conditions,offering support for decision-making.

关 键 词：青藏高原内流区 GEE 积雪 湖泊 面积变化 回归分析 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]