探讨乳腺癌患者术后采用盐酸右美托咪定对胃肠激素及恶心呕吐的影响  

Exploring the Effects of Postoperative Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Nausea and Vomiting in Patients with Breast Cancer

作　　者：陆兴浩 LU Xinghao(Department of Anesthesiology,The First People’s Hospital of Sihong County,Suqian,Jiangsu 223900,China)

机构地区：[1]泗洪县第一人民医院麻醉科,江苏宿迁223900

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2025年第5期93-95,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究盐酸右美托咪定对乳腺癌患者术后胃肠激素及恶心呕吐的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2023年12月在泗洪县第一人民医院进行乳腺癌手术的80例女性患者,按照随机数字表法分成两组,研究组(40例)和对照组(40例),研究组诱导前泵注盐酸右美托咪定0.8μg/kg,于10 min内完成注射,并在手术过程中以0.5μg/(kg·h)的速率维持给药,对照组接受等量的0.9%氯化钠注射液输注。比较两组手术时间、麻醉时间、胃肠激素(血管活性肠肽、血清胃泌素、胃动素)变化、恶心呕吐情况。结果两组手术时间、麻醉时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后12 h,两组血清胃泌素、胃动素均上升,血管活性肠肽降低,且研究组血管活性肠肽、血清胃泌素、胃动素均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后12 h和术后24 h,两组恶心呕吐发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6 h和术后48 h,研究组恶心呕吐发生率均较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论盐酸右美托咪定对乳腺癌患者术后胃肠激素及恶心呕吐具有显著的影响,其通过调节胃肠激素水平,有助于降低了乳腺癌患者术后恶心呕吐的发生率。Objective To study the effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on postoperative gastrointestinal hormones and nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients.Methods A total of 80 female patients who underwent breast cancer surgery at the First People’s Hospital of Si Hong County from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method:the study group(40 cases)and the control group(40 cases).The study group was given an intravenous bolus of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride at a dose of 0.8μg/kg before induction,completed within 10 minutes,and maintained at a rate of 0.5μg/(kg·h)during the surgery.The control group received an equal volume of 0.9%sodium chloride injection.The two groups were compared in terms of surgical time,anesthesia time,changes in gastrointestinal hormones(vasoactive intestinal peptide,serum gastrin,motilin),and the incidence of nausea and vomiting.Results There was no significant difference in surgical time and anesthesia time between the two groups(P>0.05).At 12 hours postoperatively,serum gastrin and motilin levels increased,and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels decreased in both groups,with the study group having significantly lower levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide,serum gastrin,and motilin compared to the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups at 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively(P>0.05).However,at 6 hours and 48 hours postoperatively,the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride has a significant effect on postoperative gastrointestinal hormones and nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer,and it contributes to the reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer by regulating gastrointestinal hormone levels.

关 键 词：乳腺癌 手术 盐酸右美托咪定 胃肠激素 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]