日本“学校给食”的发展历程、现状、作用及启示  

The Development Process,Current Situation,and Role of“School Feeding”in Japan and Its Enlightenments

作　　者：金海燕 JIN Haiyan(Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学外国语言与文化研究所,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《日本问题研究》2025年第1期45-60,共16页Japanese Research

基　　金：日本山口大学东亚研究院共同研究项目(2020-2024)。

摘　　要：由当初个别学校作为应对饥饿儿童或受灾儿童起步的“学校给食”如今已经发展成为日本学校活动的重要组成部分,成为义务教育不可或缺的一环。“学校给食”为处于生长发育旺盛阶段的中小学生提供了一份营养丰富又均衡且食品安全有保证的午餐,极大促进与保障了青少年的健康成长。将食育与“学校给食”有机结合是日本教育的重要特征。“学校给食”既是食育的载体与平台,又是一本“活教材”,在食育中发挥重要作用。作为中国开展学校食育的基础与前提,加快供餐制度建设乃当务之急。为此,需要转变观念,尝试把中小学生的午餐问题从家庭与社会中解放出来,使之成为义务教育的重要组成部分,也需要完善相关法律制度、规范实施细则,同时需要思考如何利用好学校供餐这个平台做足食育文章,开发出具有中国特色的食育文化。Nowadays,the“school feeding”program,which started with individual schools as a response to hunger or disaster for children,has developed into an important part of Japanese school activities,and has become an indispensable part of compulsory education.“School feeding”provides a nutritious and balanced lunch with guaranteed food safety for primary and secondary school students who are in the stage of vigorous growth and development,greatly promoting and ensuring the healthy growth of young people.The organic combination of food education and“school feeding”is an important feature of Japan.“School feeding”is not only a carrier and platform for food education,but also a“living textbook”that plays an important role in food education.As the foundation and prerequisite for school food education in China,accelerating the construction of the feeding system is an urgent task.To this end,it is necessary to change our mindset and try to liberate the issue of lunch for primary and secondary school students from their families and society,making it an important part of compulsory education.We also need to improve relevant legal systems and standardize implementation rules.At the same time,we need to think about how to make good use of the platform of school meals to promote food education and develop a food education culture with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：日本“学校给食” 学校供餐 食育 中国特色的食育文化 

分 类 号：C913.3[经济管理]