新生代农民工高质量就业的关键因素与解决措施  

Key Factors and Solutions for High-quality Employment of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

作　　者：刘健[1] 姚志 Liu Jian;Yao Zhi(School of Economics and Management,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]长江大学经济与管理学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《农业展望》2024年第10期69-75,共7页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：湖北省重点专项项目“高素质农民培育研究”(341012023009)。

摘　　要：一直以来,农民工的就业质量保障是一个热点问题,通过分析农民工就业政策演化,从人力资本理论和推拉理论出发,探讨了影响中国新生代农民工就业的关键问题:一是人力资源问题,新生代农民工自身蕴藏的人力资本质量是影响其就业质量的关键因素;二是培训内容问题,新生代农民工职业技能培训内容与需求不匹配;三是就业环境问题,就地就近就业创业环境不稳定。在学习借鉴欧盟及泰国处理移民工人的政策法令的基础上,提出提升新生代农民工就业质量的对策建议:重视新生代农民工知识教育,提高文化水平;加强新生代农民工新职业新业态和新技术培训,培养实用型人才;强化返乡就业创业新生代农民工的政策支持和激励,优化创业就业环境。The quality of employment for migrant workers has long been a hot topic.By analyzing the evolution of employment policies for migrant workers and starting from the theories of human capital and push-pull,this paper explored the key issues affecting the employment of the new generation of migrant workers in China:first,the issue of human resources,the quality of human capital inherent in the new generation of migrant workers is a key factor affecting their employment quality;second,the issue of training content,the content of vocational skills training for the new generation of migrant workers does not match their needs;third,the issue of employment environment,the local and nearby employment and entrepreneurship environment is unstable.Based on learning and drawing on the policies and laws of the European Union and Thailand for handling migrant workers,this paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers:attach importance to the knowledge education of the new generation of migrant workers and improve their cultural level;strengthen the training of new occupations,new industries and new technologies for the new generation of migrant workers,and cultivate practical talents;strengthen policy support and incentives for the new generation of migrant workers who return to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship,and optimize the employment and entrepreneurship environment.

关 键 词：新生代农民工 高质量就业 推拉理论 人力资本理论 职业技能培训 

分 类 号：F24[经济管理—劳动经济]