外源甲基乙二醛对干旱胁迫下玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of exogenous methylglyoxal on seed germination and seeding growth of maize under drought stress

作　　者：赵瑞宁 李永生[1,2] 汪军成 方永丰[1] 董小云[2] 周文期 连晓荣 王晓娟[2] 何海军[2] 杨彦忠[2] 刘忠祥[2] 周玉乾[2] ZHAO Ruining;LI Yongsheng;WANG Juncheng;FANG Yongfeng;DONG Xiaoyun;ZHOU Wenqi;LIAN Xiaorong;WANG Xiaojuan;HE Haijun;YANG Yanzhong;LIU Zhongxiang;ZHOU Yuqian(Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院/省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2025年第1期28-34,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960406);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA110);甘肃省科协青年人才托举工程项目(2019-09);甘肃省农业科学院农业科技自主创新专项(2019GAAS31);甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NA005、21ZD10NF003)。

摘　　要：甲基乙二醛(Methylglyoxal,MG)是一种从植物体内发现的新型信号分子,具有调控植物的生长发育、种子萌发、细胞分裂、气孔运动及非生物胁迫耐受性等功能。为明确干旱胁迫条件下施用外源MG对玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响及机制,本研究以玉米杂交品种郑单958为材料,分析不同浓度外源MG浸种对干旱胁迫玉米种子萌发和生长的影响,并用3叶期玉米幼苗进行干旱胁迫和MG叶面喷施处理,进一步探讨外源MG对玉米幼苗叶片活性氧积累、膜质过氧化水平、抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化剂含量的影响。结果显示,干旱胁迫下,外源MG溶液浸种可提高玉米种子发芽势、发芽率及生长指标,适宜的MG浸种浓度为0.10 mmol/L。干旱胁迫下对玉米幼苗进行叶面喷施0.10 mmol/LMG处理可显著降低叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量,增强叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶活性,并提高叶片中抗坏血酸(ASA)含量和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。综上,适宜浓度的外源MG可显著增强玉米种子的萌发能力和玉米幼苗的抗氧化能力,缓解干旱胁迫对玉米植株带来的氧化损伤,促进玉米的生长。本研究结果可为玉米的抗旱栽培和抗旱剂研发提供参考。Methylglyoxal(MG) is a new type of signal molecule found in plants,which has the functions of regulating plant growth and development,seed germination,cell division,stomatal movement and abiotic stress tolerance.In order to clarify the effect and mechanism of exogenous MG on maize seed germination and seedling growth under drought stress,the maize hybrid Zhengdan 958 was used as the material to analyze the effects of seed soaking treatment with different concentrations of exogenous MG on seed germination and growth of maize under drought stress.The effects of exogenous MG on the accumulation of reactive oxygen,membrane lipid peroxidation level,antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content in leaves of seedlings were further investigated by treatments of drought stress and MG foliar spraying at 3-leaf stage.The results showed that under drought stress,seed soaking with exogenous MG solution could improve the germination potential,germination rate and growth index of maize seeds,and the suitable concentration of MG soaking was 0.10 mmol/L.Spraying 0.10 mmol/L MG on maize seedlings under drought stress could significantly reduce the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) in leaves,enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase(APX) in leaves,and increase the contents of ascorbic acid(ASA) and glutathione(GSH) in leaves.In summary,appropriate concentration of exogenous MG could significantly enhance the germination ability of maize seeds and the antioxidant capacity of maize seedlings,alleviate the oxidative damage caused by drought stress to maize plants,and promote the growth of maize.The results of this study provide a reference for the drought-resistant cultivation of maize and the development of drought-resistant agents.

关 键 词：玉米 甲基乙二醛 抗氧化酶 干旱胁迫 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]