轨道列车制动盘紧固件不同螺纹结构传力研究  

Study on Force Transmission of Different Thread Structures of Brake Disc Fasteners of Rail Vehicles

作　　者：金文伟 田春[1] 黄彪 张宁 徐铭仁 JIN Wenwei;TIAN Chun;HUANG Biao;ZHANG Ning;XU Mingren(Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive&Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213125,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海201804 [2]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所股份有限公司,江苏常州213125

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第1期118-122,共5页Rolling Stock

基　　金：江苏省重点科技计划项目(BE2022105)。

摘　　要：高强度螺栓是高速轨道列车制动盘关键零部件,最主要的失效形式是螺母松脱和螺栓疲劳断裂。通过对比楔形螺纹和普通螺纹螺母与螺栓匹配的不同啮合状态,分析螺纹结构传力行为。采用光弹试验法测试不同结构螺纹啮合时,螺母和螺栓啮合处的应力应变分布情况,结果表明:相比普通螺纹螺母,楔形螺纹螺母与相同螺栓在组装拧紧过程中,啮合第一扣螺纹应力明显低于普通螺纹,且所有啮合螺纹应力分布更均匀。同时,螺栓疲劳强度对比试验结果数据表明,楔形螺纹螺母匹配螺栓在相同载荷条件下疲劳寿命明显优于普通螺纹。High-strength bolts are key components of brake discs for high-speed rail vehicles,and their main failures are nut loosening and bolt fatigue fracture.By comparing the different engagement states of wedge thread and common thread nut with bolt,the force transmission behavior of thread structure is analyzed.Photo-elastic test technology is used to test the stress-strain distribution at the nut and bolt engagement when threads of different structures are engaged.The results show that compared with ordinary threaded nuts,when assembled with the same bolt,the stress of the first buckle thread of a wedge threaded nut is obviously lower than that of ordinary threads,and the stress distribution of all engaging threads is more uniform.At the same time,the comparative test results of bolt fatigue strength show that the fatigue life of wedge thread nut matching bolt is obviously better than that of ordinary thread under the same load condition.

关 键 词：轨道列车 螺纹结构 紧固件 传力 制动盘 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]