基于深度核极限学习机的重载机车车钩摆角识别  

Identification of Coupler Swing Angle of Heavy Haul Locomotives Based on Deep Kernel Extreme Learning Machine

作　　者：成晨 谢睿涵 宋沛泽 陈是扦 CHENG Chen;XIE Ruihan;SONG Peize;CHEN Shiqian(Rolling Stock Branch,Guoneng Shuohuang Railway Development Co.,Ltd.,Cangzhou 062350,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit System,Southwest Jiaotong Universtiy,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司机辆分公司,河北沧州062350 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第1期152-158,181,共8页Rolling Stock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52375133);轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主课题(2024RVL-T04)。

摘　　要：针对传统车钩摆角监测方法存在监测成本高、长期监测稳定性差等缺陷,提出了一种基于深度核极限学习机的重载机车车钩摆角识别方法,实现了通过车体振动加速度对车钩摆角的准确识别。首先,搭建了重载列车动力学模型,通过动力学仿真提取了车体三向振动加速度信号并计算信号熵值,采用相关性分析筛选出面向车钩摆角识别的敏感通道。进一步,提取了车钩摆角识别敏感通道的多维信号特征;采用核主成分分析法(KPCA)对多传通道信号的多维特征进行了特征融合及降维,以减少特征维度并实现降噪的效果。最后,利用深度核极限学习机(DKELM)搭建了车体横向加速度与车钩摆角的非线性映射模型。通过仿真结果表明,文章所提车钩摆角识别方法具有识别效率高、监测成本低的优点,可以为重载列车车钩摆角监测提供理论基础。In view of the shortcomings of traditional coupler swing angle monitoring methods,such as high monitoring cost and poor long-term monitoring stability,this paper proposes an identification method based on deep kernel extreme learning machine for heavy-duty locomotives to realize the accurate identification of coupler swing angle through carbody vibration acceleration.Firstly,the dynamic model of a heavy-hual locomotive is built,the three-way vibration acceleration signal of carbody is extracted by dynamic simulation,the signal entropy value is calculated,and the sensitive channel for coupler swing angle identification is screened out by correlation analysis.Furthermore,the multidimensional signal characteristics of the coupler swing angle identification sensitive channel are extracted;Kernel principal component analysis(KPCA)is used to fuse and reduce the dimension of multidimensional features of multichannel signals,to reduce the feature dimension and achieve the effect of noise reduction.Finally,the deep kernel extreme learning machine(DKELM)is used to build a nonlinear mapping model of carbody lateral acceleration and coupler swing angle.The simulation results show that the coupler swing angle identification method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high efficiency and low monitoring cost,and can provide a theoretical basis for the coupler swing angle monitoring of heavy-duty locomotives.

关 键 词：重载机车 核极限学习机 动态监测 车钩摆角 实时识别 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]