华东地区3个省份0-6岁儿童父亲育儿压力潜在剖面分析及不同类别婚姻质量差异比较  

Latent profile analysis of parenting stress and their marriage quality among father of children aged 0-6 in three provinces of Eastern China

作　　者：徐雨洁 周利华[1] 钟起 张凤英[2] 汪晓琴[3] 王宗云 Xu Yujie;Zhou Lihua;Zhong Qi;Zhang Fengying;Wang Xiaoqin;Wang Zongyun(College of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Department of Maternity Ward,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,China;Department of Maternity Ward,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230601,China;Nursing Department,Anhui Public Health Clinical Centre,Hefei 230012,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院产房,合肥230022 [3]安徽医科大学第二附属医院产房,合肥230601 [4]安徽省公共卫生临床中心护理部,合肥230012

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第6期401-407,共7页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(2022AH050675);安徽医科大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010366009);安徽省省级示范基层教学组织项目(皖教秘高[2020]165号-215);安徽医科大学护理学院研究生青苗培育项目(hlqm12024085)。

摘　　要：目的探讨华东地区3个省份0~6岁儿童父亲育儿压力水平及潜在分类,并比较其各潜在类别组群的特征及婚姻质量差异,为不同类别父亲的群体干预策略提供依据。方法采用横断面设计方法,2020年12月至2021年3月,采用便利抽样法选取华东地区安徽省、浙江省、江苏省0~6岁儿童的父亲为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、简式育儿压力问卷中文版和Locke-Wallace婚姻调适测定量表收集数据,运用潜在剖面分析确定不同分类,Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较婚姻质量差异。结果共发放问卷657份,回收有效问卷604份。604名父亲的年龄为(32.50±6.26)岁,育儿压力总分为(89.70±17.87)分,婚姻质量总分为(108.36±22.28)分。0~6岁儿童父亲育儿压力潜在类别可分为高压力-消极育儿组88名占14.6%,中压力-互动不佳组329名占54.5%,低压力-积极教养组187名占30.9%;3个潜在类别的婚姻质量得分分别为(99.94±23.81)、(106.52±19.84)、(115.56±23.70)分,3组比较差异有统计学意义(H=35.89,P<0.05)。结论0~6岁儿童父亲育儿压力存在3个潜在类别,各类别组群在婚姻质量上存在差异,可根据分类特征对同质群体实施针对性干预,以改善父亲育儿压力及婚姻质量,帮助营造儿童健康成长的家庭环境。ObjectiveTo investigate the extent and characteristics of parenting stress experienced by fathers of children aged 0-6 in three provinces of Eastern China,and to compare the quality of their marital relationships within each latent class,in order to provide reference for developing intervention strategies for different categories of fathers.MethodsUsing cross-sectional survey methods,fathers with children aged 0-6 years were recruited using convenience sampling from December 2020 to March 2021 from Anhui province,Zhejiang province and Jiangsu province in Eastern China.Data were collected through a general information questionnaire,the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form,and the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale.Latent profile analysis was used to determine the classification,Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the difference of marital quality.ResultsA total of 657 questionnaires were distributed and 604 valid questionnaires were recovered.The age of 604 fathers was(32.50±6.26)years,the score of parenting stress was(89.70±17.87)and the score of marriage quality was(108.36±22.28).The characteristics of parenting stress among fathers of young children were categorized into three latent profile types:"high stress-negative parenting group"(88 people accounting for 14.6%),"medium stress-poor interaction group"(329 people accounting for 54.5%),and"low stress-positive parenting group"(187 people accounting for 30.9%).The scores of marriage quality were(99.94±23.81),(106.52±19.84),(115.56±23.70)points among these three latent classes with significant differences(H=35.89,P<0.05).ConclusionsThe study identifies three latent classes of parenting stress among fathers of children aged 0-6,each associated with varying levels of marriage quality.Therefore,targeted interventions aimed at improving fathers′parenting stress and marriage quality,and helping create family environments where children can grow up healthy.

关 键 词：父亲 婚姻状况 育儿压力 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]