内政与外交的努力和困境:1936年国民政府护送九世班禅返藏及与英国交涉研究  

Efforts and Difficulties in Domestic and Foreign Affairs:Research on the 1936 National Government's Escort of the Ninth Panchen Lama Back to Xizang and it's Negotiations with Britain

作　　者：张永攀[1,2] ZHANG Yong-pan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院,北京100001 [2]中国社会科学院大学,北京102488

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2024年第4期159-173,共15页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”重点学科“中国边疆安全学”(批准号:DF2023D06)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1936年是九世班禅期望从青海返回西藏的末期阶段,西藏噶厦与民众会议等在亲英分子的支持下,反对热振活佛倾向中央,向中央屡次发难,力抗护送班禅的仪仗队进藏,并将之理解为国民政府对西藏的军事行动。这一年英国驻华大使馆也针对国民政府武装护送班禅返藏一事提出抗议,无理干涉中国内政。国民政府行政院及蒙藏委员会、外交部在班禅返藏的具体政策方面做出了大量工作,但部门之间却有分歧,外交部尤为软弱。期间,蒙藏委员会黄慕松、蒋致余与专使诚允等人不断出谋划策,大力支持中央武装护送班禅返藏,但决策高层的信心并未坚定,蒋介石等人畏首畏尾,未能从大局出发坚定支持班禅返藏,而在外交部软弱的态度下,拖延班禅返藏,以致次年日本全面侵华战争开始后,无瑕再顾及此事,而班禅最终也抱憾逝于青海玉树。In 1936,the Ninth Panchen Lama expected to return to Xizang from Qinghai.With the support of Anglomaniac,the Kashag and People's Assembly opposed the policy of revitalizing the Reting Rinpoche inclination towards the central government,repeatedly launched attacks on the central government and resisted the escort of the Panchen Lama's guard into Xizang,which was interpreted as a military action of the Central Government against Xizang.This year,the British Embassy in China also protested against the Panchen Lama's return to Xizang under the armed escort of Central Government,which unreasonably interfered in China's internal affairs.The Executive Yuan of the Guomin Government,the Mongolian and Tibet Affairs Commission and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs did a lot of work on the specific policy of the Panchen Lama's return to Xizang,but there were differences among departments,and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was particularly weak.During this period,Huang Musong,Jiang Zhiyu and Cheng Yun made continuous suggestions and strongly supported the central armed forces to escort the Panchen Lama back to Xizang.However,the confidence of the top decision-makers was not firm.Chiang Kai-shek and others were too timid to firmly support the Panchen Lama's return to Xizang from the overall situation.And under the weak attitude of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,the Panchen Lama's return to Xizang was delayed,so that when the Japanese full-scale invasion of China began in the following year,the National Government had no time for it,and the Panchen Lama eventually passed away in Yushu with regrets.

关 键 词：九世班禅 西藏 国民政府 蒙藏委员会 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]