“是什么”问题域在当代欧陆哲学中的转变  

The Transformation of the“What Is”Problem Domain in Contemporary European Philosophy

作　　者：尚杰[1,2] Shang Jie

机构地区：[1]郑州大学哲学学院 [2]中国社会科学院哲学研究所

出　　处：《哲学研究》2025年第1期117-128,171,172,共14页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：古希腊哲学的根本问题,是回答事物“是什么”。当代欧洲大陆哲学的变革,从学理上说,在于实现了“是什么”问题域的转变:搁置先验的定义思维;将“是”的视野转变为空间的话题;用关联性取代了同一性;消解“是什么”的问题结构,发动了一场“差异哲学”运动——海德格尔的“此在”与萨特的“是”之外的人的自为;德勒兹用“做哲学”彰显哲学是生成性的,而非界定性的;德里达用“延异”取代差异,试图超越拼音语言的局限。他们改变了哲学的关键词,敞开了哲学问题域,消解了哲学的边界,显露了原样的思想世界。这原样的思想不再有原路返回的同一路径。思想走向多样化,以哲学之门的开放,对抗传统哲学的封闭。Ancient Greek philosophy is concerned with the fundamental question:“What is it?”Contemporary European philosophy achieves a transformation in this domain,reshaping the“What is”problem:it suspends a priori definitional thought,shifts its focus from“is”to spatiality,replaces identity with relationality,and deconstructs the structure of the“What is”question.This shift led to the rise of a philosophy of difference,which is exemplified by Heidegger's“Being-there”and Sartre's self beyond the“is.”Deleuze emphasized that philosophy is generative,not definitional,while Derrida redefined difference as“différance”so as to transcend the limitations of phonetic language.These thinkers altered key philosophical terms,opened up the domain of philosophical inquiry,and dismantled boundaries of philosophy,thereby revealing a raw and unmediated world of thought.This new direction in philosophy resists closure,embraces diversity,and challenges traditional philosophical limits.

关 键 词：是 存在 空间 

分 类 号：B505[哲学宗教—外国哲学]