农田中无脊椎动物对抗生素和抗生素抗性基因环境行为的影响研究进展  

Research Progress on Effects of Invertebrates on Fates of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Farmland Ecosystem

作　　者：李洁玲 史非凡 郭瑞 陈照明 成琪璐 王强[2] 叶静[2] 马军伟[2] 林辉[2] LI Jieling;SHI Feifan;GUO Rui;CHEN Zhaoming;CHENG Qilu;WANG Qiang;YE Jing;MA Junwei;LIN Hui(School of Environment&Resource Sciences,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Institute of Environment,Resource,Soil&Fertilizer,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,杭州310021 [3]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第1期1-22,共22页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：杭州市重点科技计划项目(2023SZD0130)。

摘　　要：抗生素的滥用导致其向农田及其周围环境持续不断地输入,促使抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)及其宿主细菌(antibiotic resistance bacteria,ARB)在农田生态系统中富集和扩散,严重威胁农产品质量安全和人体健康。无脊椎动物作为农田生态系统中的重要组成部分,广泛分布于农田土壤及其周围水体环境中,在农田食物网和物质转化中占有重要地位。然而,抗生素、ARGs等抗生素耐药污染物与农田土壤和水生底栖的无脊椎动物间的复杂相互作用仍需全面评估。本文概述了农田系统中的主要无脊椎动物类型的生态功能,重点关注了抗生素耐药污染物对蚯蚓、线虫、跳虫等土壤无脊椎动物以及部分水生无脊椎动物的生态影响,以及引发的抗生素耐药污染物环境行为变化,指出无脊椎动物可通过多途径影响抗生素耐药污染物迁移转化和传播,产生促进抗生素的降解转化、ARGs/ARB削减等正向效应,也可通过肠道蓄积,加速抗生素耐药污染物传播。进一步探讨了相关研究中亟待解决的问题,强调未来需更多将研究对象从模式无脊椎动物拓展到实际农田优势类群中,开展真实环境中的抗生素和ARGs复合污染研究,通过生物群落结构调查方式等证实科学假设,关注农田生态系统中水生无脊椎动物的作用等,以期为农田中无脊椎动物对抗生素耐药污染物的环境行为研究提供理论基础和科学指引。The abuse of antibiotics has led to their continuous input into agricultural fields and the surrounding environments,promoting the accumulation and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and antibiotic resistance bacteria(ARB)within farmland ecosystems.This poses a serious threat to agricultural product quality and human health.Invertebrates,as an important component of the agricultural ecosystem,are widely distributed in the soil and aquatic environments,playing a significant role in the food web and material transformation.However,the complex interactions between antibiotic-resistant pollutants,such as antibiotics and ARGs,and invertebrates in agricultural soil and aquatic environments need comprehensive assessment.This article reviews the ecological functions of major invertebrate types within agricultural systems,with a focus on the ecological impact of antibiotic-resistant pollutants on soil invertebrates like earthworms,nematodes,and springtails,as well as some aquatic invertebrates.It highlights the environmental behavior changes induced by those pollutants.Invertebrates can influence the migration,transformation,and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant pollutants through multiple pathways,producing positive effects such as promoting antibiotic degradation and transformation and reducing ARGs/ARB.However,they can also accelerate the spread of antibiotic-resistant pollutants through gut accumulation.The article further explores unresolved issues in related research,emphasizing the need to expand studies from model invertebrates to dominant groups in actual farmland.It calls for studies on the complex pollution of antibiotics and ARGs in real environments,using methods such as community structure surveys to verify scientific hypotheses,and focusing on the role of aquatic invertebrates in farmland ecosystems.These efforts aim to provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for understanding the environmental behavior of antibiotic-resistant pollutants regarding invertebrates in farmland.

关 键 词：抗生素 无脊椎动物 土壤动物 农田生态系统 抗生素抗性基因 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]