纳米二氧化钛不同晶型混合物在环境改变下的沉降速率变化及其对细胞的毒性影响  

Changes in the Settling Rate of Mixtures of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles of Different Crystalline Forms in Response to Environmental Alterations and Their Toxic Effects on Cells

作　　者：黄惠莹 徐云东 胡天美 刘珊杏 汪旭[1,3] 王晗 HUANG Huiying;XU Yundong;HU Tianmei;LIU Shanxing;WANG Xu;WANG Han(School of Life Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Yeda Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy,Taizhou 318000,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital,Harbin 150036,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学生物能源持续开发与利用教育部工程研究中心,昆明650500 [3]台州耶大基因与细胞治疗研究院,台州318000 [4]黑龙江省医院,哈尔滨150036

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第1期305-313,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31860301);云南省基础研究计划项目(202101AU070047);云南师范大学博士启动基金项目(2019ynnuPhd)。

摘　　要：纳米量级二氧化钛(TiO_(2) nanoparticle,TNPs)中的金红石型TiO_(2)-NPs(TNPs-R)和锐钛矿型TiO_(2)-NPs(TNPs-A)被广泛应用于食品、化妆品、防晒霜等产品中。但有研究证实,TNPs可通过吸入、注射、皮肤穿透等暴露途径在组织中积累从而导致慢性疾病的产生。此外,在生产过程中为了优化材料性能,通常会使用不同比例TNPs-R和TNPs-A的混合物。但TNPs-R和TNPs-A暴露环境改变后对人肝细胞的毒性影响差异尚不明确。因此本研究选用粒径为25 nm的TNPs-R、TNPs-A,在单独、混合处理以及自然光或紫外光活性处理颗粒后将其配制成80μg·mL^(-1),以紫外吸收比值Ae/A0法评估各处理组TNPs在静置3~12 h内的沉降性能;选取混合处理中沉降速率最高的TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9组与单独TNPs-R组、TNPs-A组暴露人肝细胞QGY 48 h,流式细胞术侧向光散射角(SSC)比值SSC_(e)/SSC_(0)评估颗粒进入细胞的效率,吉姆萨染色法分析细胞坏死率。研究发现,以水为溶剂时,TNPs-R沉降速率显著低于TNPs-A(P<0.001),混合处理时,在TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9组的沉降速率显著高于其他比例的混合组(P<0.05);以无血清培养基为溶剂时,TNPs-A和TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9组的沉降速率显著高于单独TNPs-R组(P<0.001)。叠加紫外暴露后,TNPs所有组的沉降速率均显著高于自然光TNPs-R组(P<0.01);与对照组相比,QGY细胞在TNPs-R、TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9和TNPs-A暴露48 h后,细胞内SSC_(e)/SSC_(0)均具有上升趋势,且3个暴露组均显著诱导QGY细胞坏死(P<0.01),相较而言,TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9诱导细胞坏死显著高于TNPs-R(P<0.001)。综上,随着TNPs-A组分比率升高,以及紫外暴露条件下,TNPs-R和TNPs-A混合物的理化特性会发生改变,导致沉降速率增大,进而诱导产生更强的人肝细胞的毒性,研究可为不同晶型TNPs的安全评价提供一定的科学依据。Rutile TiO_(2)-NPs(TNPs-R)and anatase TiO_(2)-NPs(TNPs-A),both of which are nanoscale titanium dioxide(TiO_(2) nanoparticles,TNPs),have been widely used in food,cosmetics,sunscreens and other products.However,some studies have confirmed that TNPs can accumulate in tissues through different exposure routes such as inhalation,injection,and skin penetration,thereby leading to the development of chronic diseases.In addition,mixtures of varied ratios of TNPs-R and TNPs-A are often used in the manufacturing process to optimize material properties.However,differences in the toxic effects of TNPs-R and TNPs-A on human hepatocytes after exposure to environmental changes are unclear.In this study,TNPs-R and TNPs-A with a particle size of 25 nm were selected,and the particles were formulated into 80μg·mL^(-1)after being treated individually or mixedly,as well as treated with natural light or UV light,and the sedimentation rate of TNPs of each treatment group was evaluated by the UV-absorption ratio Ae/A0 method after a standing period of 3-12 h.The results were summarized as follows.The TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9 group,which had the highest sedimentation rate in the mixed treatment,was selected to treat human hepatocytes QGY for 48 h with the TNPs-R or TNPs-A groups alone,and the efficiency of particles entering the cells was assessed by flow cytometry lateral light scattering angle(SSC)ratio SSC_(e)/SSC_(0),and cell necrosis was analyzed by Giemsa staining.It was found that the TNPs-R sedimentation rate was significantly lower than that of TNPs-A when water was used as the solvent(P<0.001),and the sedimentation rate was significantly higher in the TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9 group than in the mixed groups with other ratios(P<0.05)when mixed treatments were used.When serum-free medium was used as the solvent,the TNPs-A and TNPs-R∶TNPs-A=1∶9 groups had significantly higher sedimentation rates than the TNPs-R alone group(P<0.001).After being exposed to UV light,the sedimentation rates of all groups of TNPs were significantly highe

关 键 词：锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛 金红石型纳米二氧化钛 人肝癌QGY细胞 细胞毒性 沉降速率 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]