青少年校外身体活动的家庭因素影响机制与对策  

Study on the Influence Mechanism and Countermeasures of Family Factors on Youth Out-of-School Physical Activity

作　　者：王启树 吴尽 李采丰[3] 李中华 WANG Qishu;WU jin;LI Caifeng;LI Zhonghua(Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu,Sichuan 641418,China;Beijing City University,Beijing 101309,China;Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400065,China;Chengdu University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院,四川成都641418 [2]北京城市学院,北京101309 [3]重庆第二师范学院,重庆400065 [4]成都大学,四川成都610106

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2025年第1期71-80,104,共11页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：2021年度重庆市教委人文社科一般规划项目(21SKGH286)。

摘　　要：家庭住址是青少年校外身体活动治理的首要场域,且影响青少年身体活动的家庭因素错综复杂。为了明确青少年校外身体活动的家庭因素,使用质性研究方法对影响青少年校外身体活动的家庭因素的构成及其相互关系进行分析,探索其中的影响机制。运用扎根理论对与青少年校外身体活动相关的核心期刊文献和46名受访者的访谈资料进行探索性分析、演绎、提炼,构建了影响青少年校外身体活动家庭因素模型。经分析发现:家庭因素包括家长认知转化、家庭赋能、家庭体育文化、家庭环境、家庭社会人口学特征,家长认知转化因素是青少年校外身体活动的内驱力,家庭赋能因素与社会人口学特征因素分别是青少年校外身体活动的基础和支撑,家庭体育文化和家庭环境分别是青少年校外身体活动的中介因素和诱导因素。基于此演绎出青少年校外身体活动家庭影响因素的治理框架:家庭赋能作为基础和支撑,纵向整合和横向协同其他各个因素,并通过社会人口学特征因素在其他几个因素间产生核心效应,形成适宜青少年校外身体活动的家庭住宅内外环境与家庭体育文化,通过家长的认知转化对其青少年子女进行体育文化代际熏陶,最终改善青少年的校外身体活动。The home address is the primary site for the governance of adolescents'out-of-school physical activity,and family factors are intricate and complex.To clarify the family factors of adolescents'out-of-school physical activity,the composition of family factors affecting adolescents'out-of-school physical activity and their interrelationships were analyzed by using qualitative research methods to explore the influencing mechanisms.A model of family factors influencing adolescents'out-of-school physical activity was constructed through exploratory analysis,deduction,and refinement of key journal literature related to adolescents'out-of-school physical activity and interview data from 46 respondents using grounded theory.Family factors were found to include parental cognitive transformation,family empowerment,family sport culture,family environment,and family sociodemographic characteristics.Factors of parental cognitive transformation are the internal driving force of youth out-of-school physical activity.Factors of family empowerment factors and socio-demographic characteristics are the foundation and support of youth out-of-school physical activity.Family sport culture and family environment are repectively motivational and mediating facors of youth out-of-school physical activity,respectively.Based on this,the governance framework of family influencing factors of youth out-of-school physical activities is deduced:family empowerment,as the foundation and support,vertically integrates and horizontally coordinates other factors,and through the core effect of factors of social demographic characteristics among other factors,to form a healthy and harmonious family environment and family sport culture suitable for youth out-of-school physical activities,and through the cognitive transformation of parents to form a healthy and harmonious family environment and family sport culture.The improvement of youth out-of-school physical activities will be ultimately achieved.

关 键 词：青少年身体活动 家庭因素 扎根理论 家庭赋能 机制模型 

分 类 号：G80-051[文化科学—运动人体科学]