国际人才流入何以促进企业人力资本升级?——兼论来华留学生教育的人才红利  

How Does the Inflow of International Talent Promote the Upgrading of Corporate Human Capital?——Also Discussing the Talent Dividend of International Students Education in China

作　　者：程立浩 刘志民[2] CHENG Lihao;LIU Zhimin(Hubei Normal University,Huangshi 435002,China;Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北师范大学,湖北黄石435002 [2]南京农业大学,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国农业教育》2024年第6期30-46,共17页China Agricultural Education

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究专项任务项目“教育对外开放服务湖北区域经济社会发展研究”(23Z709)。

摘　　要：将2011—2018年中国A股上市公司数据与省际国际人才流入数据匹配,考察国际人才流入对企业人力资本升级的影响。结果表明,国际人才流入显著促进了企业人力资本升级,国际人才流入规模每提高1%,企业技能劳动力相对雇佣比将提高0.053%。作用机制检验结果表明,国际人才流入主要通过技能构成效应、竞争示范效应和创新倒逼效应三种途径影响企业人力资本升级。此外,还因地区、高等教育水平、行业以及所有制企业不同而具有异质性特征,且在具有海外工作背景董事的企业和人力资本水平高的地区,国际人才流入对企业人力资本升级的影响会更突出。因此,为充分释放来华留学生教育在新时期教育对外开放战略实施和世界重要人才中心建设中的人才红利,需要对接国家需求,进一步扩大来高层次来华留学生规模;加强质量建设,提升来华留学生教育吸引力;完善制度保障,增强来华留学生教育引才功能。By correlating data from Chinese A-share listed companies(2011-2018)with inter-provincial and international talent inflow statistics,this study investigates the influence of international talent inflow on corporate human capital upgrading.The findings reveal that the influx of international talent substantially enhances human capital within enterprises.Specifically,a 1%rise in the scale of international talent inflow corresponds to a 0.053%increase in the relative employment ratio of skilled labor in companies.The mechanism analysis suggests that international talent inflow drives human capital upgrading primarily through three channels:the skill composition effect,the competitive demonstration effect,and the innovation-driven effect.Moreover,the impact exhibits heterogeneity across regions,education levels,industries,and types of ownership.Particularly,in regions with higher human capital levels and companies with a greater proportion of directors possessing overseas work experience,the influence of international talent inflow on human capital upgrading is more significant.Consequently,to fully harness the talent dividend of international students within the framework of China s new education opening-up strategy and its aspiration to become a global talent hub,it is imperative to align with national needs,further expand the intake of high-level international students,enhance the quality of education,increase the appeal of China s education to international students,and improve institutional support to strengthen the talent recruitment role of international student education in China.

关 键 词：国际人才 人力资本升级 来华留学生教育 人才红利 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]