崔白《竹石槐穿儿图》考——兼及“柳穿鱼”  

On Cui Bai's Image of Bamboo,Stone,and Yellow-browed Willow Warbler-With Additional Remarks on“Liu Chuanyu”

作　　者：李晨辉[1] Li Chenhui

机构地区：[1]广西艺术学院学报编辑部,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《艺术探索》2025年第1期22-30,共9页Arts Exploration

基　　金：2024年度广西艺术学院校级科研项目“崔白《竹石槐穿儿图》研究”(YB202442)。

摘　　要：《宣和画谱》著录崔白作品时显示一定的分类意识,将具有相似题材、趣味和表现方式等的作品连续依次著录。其所录两件《竹石槐穿儿图》不在墨竹和传统院体设色作品之列,而与山水、雪竹(雪景)位置相近。槐穿儿当为禽鸟,即后世所谓槐串,为一种旅鸟。此两图应以竹石为主体造景,可能与槐树形成具有高士逸趣的组合形式,树间穿梭或依止若干槐穿儿,有流畅的动感,背景则是春夏时节充满野逸之趣、具有杳远空间感的山野或沙渚。《宣和画谱》另著录刘永年《柳穿鱼》一件,当绘鱼戏柳枝的情境。至迟在元明之际,【柳穿鱼】成为南戏和传奇中为丑、末使用的过曲曲牌。There is a certain sense of categorization when recording Cui Bai's works in the Xuanhe Painting Catalog,where works have been classified following similar themes,interests,and expression methods.The two paintings titled ImageofBamboo,Stone,andYellow-browedWillowWarbler were not recorded in the category of ink bamboos or traditional academic-style coloured works,but were instead placed close to paintings of landscapes and snow-covered bamboos(snow scenes).Huaichuan'er was likely the name of a type of bird,specifically the Yellow-browed Willow Warbler,belonging to a migratory species and known to later generations as the huaichuan.These two paintings should employ bamboo and stone as their primary elements for landscape creation,possibly combining with the locust tree that exudes a hermit-like charm,and with several huaichuan'er birds shuttling through or resting on the branches,thus creating a sense of fluid movement.Such a background would typically have featured wild and remote mountains or sandbars full of natural interest and spatial depth during the spring and summer seasons.The XuanhePaintingCatalog also recorded a painting by Liu Yongnian titled LiuChuanyu(ToadFlax),which likely depicts a scene of fish playing among willow branches.By the Yuan and Ming dynasties at the latest,"LiuChuanyu"had become a tune interpreted by comic and minor roles in the performance of southern operas and legends.

关 键 词：《宣和画谱》 崔白 《竹石槐穿儿图》 槐穿儿 柳穿鱼 曲牌 

分 类 号：J21[艺术—美术]