尼采的虚无主义:一种类型学  

Nietzschean Nihilism: A Typological Analysis

作　　者：艾伦·怀特 严木远(译) 舒远招(校)[2] Alan White;YAN Mu-yuan;SHU Yuan-zhao(Williams College,MA 01267,USA;Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]美国威廉姆斯学院,MA 01267,USA [2]湖南大学,长沙410082

出　　处：《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期39-49,共11页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：尼采对“虚无主义”术语的使用在哲学上具有重要意义,他不是将虚无主义呈现为众多立场中的一个或一种偶然的信念,而是将其视为西方哲学传统的必然结果。虚无主义可分为三个基本层面:宗教的、激进的和完成的。宗教虚无主义者无意识地否定了内在世界的价值;激进虚无主义者明确拒绝我们的世界存在价值;完成虚无主义者在完全经历虚无主义之后,通过肯定世界本身来超越它,而不诉诸外在价值。这样一种三层划分,引出了尼采哲学中对逻辑的特别看法、价值与整体之间的关系,以及从激进虚无主义到完成虚无主义的步骤为何需要力量等问题。在此意义上,尼采与黑格尔哲学之间的冲突是值得进一步探讨的重要话题。Nietzsche's use of the term“nihilism”holds much philosophical significance,as he does not present nihilism as one among many positions or as an accidental belief,but rather as an inevitable outcome of the Western philosophical tradition.Nihilism can be divided into three fundamental levels:religious,radical,and completed.Religious nihilists unconsciously deny the value of the immanent world,while radical nihilists explicitly reject the existence of value in our world.Completed nihilists,after fully experiencing nihilism,transcend it by affirming the world itself,without resorting to external values.This distinction raises questions about Nietzsche's particular view on logic,the relationship between value and the whole,and why the step from radical to completed nihilism requires strength.In this sense,the conflict between Nietzsche's and Hegel's philosophies is significant and warrants further exploration.

关 键 词：虚无主义 类型学 宗教的虚无主义 激进的虚无主义 完成的虚无主义 

分 类 号：B516.47[哲学宗教—外国哲学]