日语形式名词语义的时空转换  

The Semantic-Spatial-Temporal Transformation of Formal Nouns

作　　者：尹雪扬 YIN Xueyang(Hubei University of Education,Wuhan Hubei,430205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北第二师范学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2025年第2期43-46,共4页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究青年项目“基于语料库的日语形式名词构式语义网络研究”(项目编号:21Q274)。

摘　　要：该文介绍了日语中形式名词与格助词构成的复合形式「ところを」的语义特征和句法功能。形式名词从场所名词转换为表示时空状况的名词,从句内成分进一步发展为外在关系。根据主句和从句的关系,可以把「ところを」分为补语关系从句、接续关系从句、副词性从句等。作补语关系从句时,动词谓语与从句之间的关联紧密。前后句之间为承接关系时,「ところを」语义进一步虚化,从句与主句的依存度逐渐减弱,从属关系转变为前后承接关系。「ところを」作为副词性从句时,表示事件展开的时空背景,前后句从属关系最弱。「ところを」以复合形式实现了从语义用法到功能用法的转变。This paper introduces the semantic characteristics and syntactic functions of the compound form"tokoroo",which is composed of the formal noun and the case particle in Japanese.Formal nouns undergo a transformation from place nouns to nouns that represent spatiotemporal conditions,further evolving from intra-clausal components to external relations.Based on the relationship between the main clause and the subordinate clause,they can be categorized into complement relationship clauses,conjunctive relationship clauses,and adverbial clauses.When functioning as a complement relationship clause,the verbal predicate maintains a close connection with the subordinate clause.In cases where the relationship between the preceding and subsequent clauses is sequential,the semantic meaning of"tokoroo"becomes further abstracted,and the degree of dependency between the subordinate clause and the main clause diminishes gradually,transitioning from a subordinate relationship to a sequential relationship.When"tokorowo"functions as an adverbial clause,it provides the spatiotemporal background for the unfolding of events,and the dependency relationship between the clauses is the weakest.Through its compound form,"tokoroo"achieves a transition from semantic usage to functional usage.

关 键 词：名词性 场面 状况 依存度 复合助词 功能 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] G256[文化科学—图书馆学] H141