隧道施工变形监测的三维点云数据处理方法研究  

Research on Tunnel Construction Deformation Monitoring Based on Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Technology

作　　者：王伟 WANG Wei(Liaoning Headquarters of China Construction Materials Industry Geological Exploration Center,Shenyang 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心辽宁总队,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《城市勘测》2025年第1期89-93,共5页Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

摘　　要：传统的隧道变形监测方法仅采用少量对称测点位移来表征隧道整体变形,难以全面反映隧道在施工过程中的位移变化。本文提出了一种基于三维激光扫描的监测方法,以期解决隧道施工过程变形监测困难的问题。使用三维激光扫描仪来获取隧道结构的点云数据;为了解决点云分散的问题,使用B样条插值和贪婪三角剖分算法拟合点云曲面;利用最大熵法计算法向量的概率密度函数,并采用法向量矩阵来表示隧道拟合面的变形,实现隧道变形计算。The traditional tunnel deformation monitoring method only uses a small number of symmetrical measuring point displacements to characterize the overall deformation of the tunnel,which is difficult to fully reflect the displacement changes of the tunnel during the construction process.This paper proposes a monitoring method based on 3D laser scanning to solve the problem of difficult deformation monitoring during tunnel construction.A 3D laser scanner is used to obtain the point cloud data of the tunnel structure;in order to solve the problem of point cloud dispersion,the point cloud surface is fitted using B-spline interpolation and greedy triangulation algorithms;the probability density function of the normal vector is calculated using the maximum entropy method,and the normal vector matrix is used to represent the deformation of the tunnel fitting surface to realize the tunnel deformation calculation.

关 键 词：三维扫描 施工隧道 变形监测 点云 

分 类 号：P225.2[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]