考虑转子弹性动态特性的磁悬浮鼓风机控制系统优化  

Optimization Research on Control System of Magnetic Levitation Blower Considering Rotor Elastic Dynamic Characteristic

作　　者：衡治文 蔡思捷 沈志煌[1] 李立 张潘潘 黄俊峰 HENG Zhiwen;CAI Sijie;SHEN Zhihuang;LI Li;ZHANG Panpan;HUANG Junfeng(School of Marine Equipment and Mechanical Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China;Quanzhou Huade Electromechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Quanzhou 362046,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋装备与机械工程学院,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院,福建厦门360024 [3]泉州市华德机电设备有限公司,福建泉州362046

出　　处：《集美大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期60-67,共8页Journal of Jimei University:Natural Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目“细长圆柱螺旋面的超声—油膜界面辅助支撑机理研究”(2021J01853)。

摘　　要：在高转速工况下,磁悬浮系统的转子受到陀螺效应和弹性形变的耦合影响。传统磁悬浮控制系统动态特性的表征通常采用刚体动力学模型,并忽略状态矩阵中的非对角线项以实现模型解耦。本研究提出了一种磁悬浮系统的弹性动力学建模方法。方法考虑了磁悬浮轴承的时空相关非线性力学模型,并结合泰勒级数展开,探讨了磁力线性模型的建模方法,分析了磁力模型参数随空间位置变化的规律。在此基础上,结合弹性动力学模型,建立了磁悬浮风机系统的状态方程,揭示了空间位置对磁悬浮风机动态特性的影响。通过模态分析方法,构建了磁轴承关键位置的解耦频响函数,并设计了反馈控制系统中的PID(proportional-integral-derivative contro)控制器。仿真结果表明,与未考虑耦合的PID模型相比,在外界激励下,系统的振动幅值减小。本方法在控制器搭建过程中引入了考虑陀螺效应和外部力作用下转子弹性形变的弹性动力学模型,并通过模态分析实现了模型的解耦,所设计的控制器更适用于高转速工况下的磁悬浮鼓风机。Under the condition of high speed,the rotor of magnetic suspension system is affected by the coupling of gyroscopic effect and elastic deformation.Traditionally,the dynamic characteristics of a magnetic levitation control system are usually characterized by the rigid body dynamics model,and the off-diagonal terms in the state matrix are ignored for decoupling.An elastodynamic modeling method for magnetic levitation system is presented in this paper.Considering the nonlinear mechanical model of magnetic bearing in space-time and combining with Taylor series expansion,the modeling method of magnetic force linear model was discussed,and the law of magnetic force model parameters changing with space position was analyzed.On this basis,combined with the elastic dynamic model,the state equation of the magnetic levitation fan system was established,and the influence of space position on the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic levitation fan was revealed.The decoupling frequency response function of the key position of the magnetic bearing was established by the modal analysis method,and the PID(proportional-intergral-derivative control)controller in the feedback control system was designed.The simulation results show that,compared with the PID model without considering the coupling,the vibration amplitude of the system decreases under the external excitation.In this method,an elastic dynamic model of the rotor under the action of the gyroscopic effect and the external force is introduced in the build process of the controller,and the decoupling of the model is realize through modal analysis,it suggests that the designed controller is more suitable for the magnetic suspension blower under the working condition of high rotating speed.

关 键 词：磁悬浮轴承 磁力线性模型 转子弹性动力学模型 Levy法 PID参数优化 

分 类 号：TM503[电气工程—电器]